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1、 TheCalloftheWild JackLondon Arealisticwriter Born January12 1876SanFrancisco CaliforniaUnitedStatesDied November22 1916 aged40 GlenEllen CaliforniaUnitedStatesOccupation Novelist journalist shortstorywriterandessayist LifeExperiences WritingStyle MajorWorks LifeExperiences 1890 1891 childlaborerina
2、cannery at14 oysterpirate at15 sailorofasealingschooner at17 1893 1895 jailedforvagrancy finishedhighschool at19 UniversityofCalifornia at20 1896 1897 KlondikeGoldRush at21 writer reporter TheSonoftheWolf 1900 1916 diedfromagastrointestinalofuremia 尿毒症 thoughitwaswidelysupposedthathecommittedsuicide
3、 at40 WritingStyle Hewasfascinatedbythewayviolencetestedandrefinedhumancharacter Withoutmuchstylisticandformalrefinementandsubtletyofcharacterization London sfictionhastheunusualandintriguingpowerofancientmyth Althoughhisworkcanneverbeclassedroughrealism hewillalwaysberememberedastheoriginatorofanew
4、typeofwritingcalledroughrealism Forceful andcolorful SubjectivityandenthusiasmHischaracterizationswereoftenstiffandhisdialoguestereotyped Themes primitiveviolence Anglo Saxonsupremacy biologicalevolution classwarfare andmechanisticdeterminism WritingStyle MajorWorks MajorWorks ThePeopleoftheAbyss 19
5、03 深渊中的人们TheCalloftheWild 1903 野性的呼唤TheSeaWolf 1904 海狼WhiteFang 1906 白牙LoveofLife 1907 热爱生命TheIronHeel 1908 铁蹄MartinEden 1909 马丁 伊登TheValleyoftheMoon 1912 月谷TheStarRover 1915 星游人TheLittleLadyoftheBigHouse 1916 大屋里的小妇人 WolfHouse 特怀曼 L 托尔利在 狼的智慧 中对狼有很好的描述及概括 狼是陆地上生物最高的食物链终结者之一 群居动物中最有秩序 纪律的族群 由于有狼的存在
6、其他野生动物才得以淘汰老弱残的不良族群 也因为有狼的威胁存在 其它野生动物才被迫进化得更优秀 以免被狼淘汰 也因为有狼非常强的生存能力 适应能力 Background Presenter 彭雪宁8号 TheCalloftheWild Background Backgroundknowledge Agoldrushisaperiodoffeverishmigrationofworkersintotheareaofadramaticdiscoveryofcommercialquantitiesofgold the19thcenturyAustralia Brazil Canada SouthAfr
7、ica theUnitedStates KlondikeRiver TheCalloftheWild Background InAugust1896 goldwasdiscoveredinRabbitCreekintheYukonTerritoryofwesternCanada TheCalloftheWild Background WhennewsofthefindreachedtheUnitedStates theKlondikegoldrushwason TheCalloftheWild Background Thegoldprospectors knownas Klondikers f
8、acedharshconditions temperatures40degreesbelowzero starvationandmalnutrition longjourneysonfoot hundredsofpoundsofsuppliestotransport About100 000peoplestartedoutinhopesofreachingtheKlondikeRiverandfindinggold Ofthese onlyabout30 000completedthetrip Theresteitherstoppedsomewherealongtheway turnedaro
9、und ordied TheCalloftheWild Background TheCalloftheWild Background TheindigenouspeopleofAlaskaandCanadabeganusingsleddogsmorethan1 000yearsago Theydependedonthesedogsfor protection transportation hunting companionship TheCalloftheWild Background Inthelate1800s settlersandexplorersstartedusingthedogs
10、tohelpthemexploreremoteareas delivermail andlookforgold TheCalloftheWild Background Theyhaveaprotectiveoutercoatandaninsulatingundercoat thathelpsthemtoleratetemperaturesaslowas 70 F TheCalloftheWild Background Certainpurebreddogsarecommonlyusedassleddogs Alaskanmalamutes Siberianhuskies Samoyeds Th
11、eCalloftheWild Background InthisharshandhostileenvironmentliketheYukonTerritory survivalistheultimatechallenge TheCalloftheWild Background Ifstrength courage andadaptabilityarethekeystosurvival thenourhero Buck standsaprettygoodchance Plot Presenter 黄裕鑫25号 CharacterAnalysis Presenter 潘影红27号 Dave ane
12、xperiencedwheeler nippedBuck shindquarterswheneverhewasinerror Spitz theleaderofthedogs anexperiencedwheeler healwaysfiercetohiscompanions buthecouldnotalwaysgetatBuck Finally hewaskilledbyBuck ParraultandFrancois TheyareBuck ssecondowners Sternanddemandinginstantobedience Thelawofclubandtooth木棒和犬牙法
13、则 Hal CharlesandMercedes HalandCharles foolishandcallow Mercedes spoiledandsentimental Poorplan aseasonedgoldprospector JohnThornton havingadeep abidingandreciprocalloveblossomsbetweenmananddog Buck themaincharacter Fulloffightingspirit thesurvivalofthefittest Theviciousandcunningrulers Love loyalty
14、tohisowner Thecallofthewild Anyopinionisappreciated Speakoutyourthinking Hedidnotstealforjoyofit butbecauseoftheclamorofhisstomach Hedidnotrobopenly butstolesecretlyandcunningly outofrespectforclubandfang Inshort thethingshedidweredonebecauseitwaseasiertodethemthannottodothem 他偷东西不是为了从中得到乐趣 而是因为肚子太饿
15、 他不明目张胆地去抢 而是耍点小手腕去偷 这是考虑到木棒和利齿所致 简言之 他之所以这么做是因为做比不做更容易些 Fulloffightingspirit thesurvivalofthefittest Hewaspreeminentlycunning andcouldbidehistimewithapatiencethatnothinglessthanprimitive 他是头等的狡猾 并且能够用他天生就有的的那种忍耐等待时机 Theviciousandcunningrulers Livinginthedogteam Buckdidnotwanttobepatientforalongtime
16、underanotherman sdomination Whenhewasbeatbythemaninred healreadyrealizedtheimportanceofpower Sincethen heneverforgotthedesiretowintheleadershipofSpitz Afterfulldeliberationandpreparation hekilledSpitzinthebattle andfinallycapturedtheleaderposition Fulloffightingspirit thesurvivalofthefittest Thus astokenofwhatapuppetthinglifeis theancientsongsurgedthroughhimandhecameintohisownagain 于是 生命是个任人摆布的傀儡 古老的歌曲在他心中回荡 他重新找回了自我 Thecallofthewild Theme Presenter 曹嘉惠30号 areturntoprimitivism survivalofthestron
