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1、Learningaboutlanguage 选修七Unit1 Discoveringusefulwordsandexpressions 1 Fillinthetablebelow ambition absence suitable beneficial annoyed annoying encouragement psychological noisy firm clumsy 1 Howdoyoumeasurethelengthofaraceroundaracetrack 2 Howwouldyoufeelifsomeonekepttalkingwhenyouweretryingtoread
2、2 Answereachquestionbyusingacorrectnewwordinthisunit lap annoyed 3 Inwhatwaycanateachercheckifyouhavelearnedthenewwordsbyheart 4 Whatdoyoucallanitemwritteninadiaryorinadictionary 5 Whatkindofinstrumentdoesadoctorneedtoexaminevirusesinblood dictation entry microscope 6 Howdoyoudescribesomeonewhoishap
3、pytomeetnewpeople 7 Whatdoyoucallstudentsinthesameyeargroupandthesamesituationasyou 8 Whatdoyoucallthebehaviourofonestudenttoothers outgoing fellow conduct adapttocutoutinotherwordsoutofbreathsitaroundinmanywaysmakefunofallinall 3 Completethispassageusingthewordsbelow Therewasatimewhenchildrenwithme
4、ntaldisabilitieswerepreventedfromlivinganormallife Theyusedto intheirownhomesafterbeingeducatedinspecialschools inmanyways sitaround Otherpeoplesometimes them Butnowthingsarechanging Therearetrainingprogrammesforyoungpeoplewithmentaldisabilities whichhaveprovedverybeneficial StudentslikeXieLi mental
5、lydisabledfrombirth nowhaveachancetobecomeathletes Butitisachallenge Shehasto trainingprogrammesaswellasmixingwithotherable bodiedathletes makefunof adaptto XieLi sconfidencehasgrown saidherfather Shelooksmuchbetterandisnotsooften afterhertraining hermotherandIareveryhappywithherprogress So insteado
6、f mainstreamactivities mentallydisabledstudentscanbecomepartofthemainstream theycanleadamorefulfillinglife Inotherwords outofbreath Allinall cuttingout Sampledialogue S1 AllinallXieLi sconfidencehasgrown Inotherwordssheismoreoutgoing S2 Inmanywayssheisbecomingmoreactiveandhappier S3 She snotsoofteno
7、utofbreathaftertraining Shehasadoptedtoitwell Exercise4 Unit1 RevisetheInfinitive livingwell 结构 todo 否定 nottodo 二 时态与语态 不定式 todo tobedone tobedoing tohavedone tohavebeendone tohavebeendoing 1 Theypretendednottoseeus 2 Hepretendedtobesleeping 3 Shepretendedtohaveknownitbefore 一般式表示与谓语的动作同时 几乎同时 发生在它之
8、后 进行式表示在谓语动词发生的同时 不定式的动作也正在进行 完成式表示动作发生在谓语动作之前 4 We rehappytohavebeenworkingwithyou 完成进行式表示谓语动作发生之前 不定式的动作一直在进行而且可能之后也继续 1 作主语 2 作宾语 3 作宾语补足语 4 作定语 5 作状语 6 作表语 7 作独立成分 8 与疑问词等连用 DoyoubelieveIcanflylikeabird HowcanyoubelieveIcanflylikeabird istobelieve It simpossibleforhumans now Tosee toflylikeabird
9、 1 不定式作主语时 往往放在谓语之后 用it作形式主语 Toseeistobelieve It simpossibleforhumanstoflylikeabirdnow 2 不定式作表语 toprotecttheworld tostudyhard Helikes Ifinditstillnecessary forhim ifhewantstowin 3 不定式作宾语 toplaybasketball 句型 think consider findit adj todo 常接动词不定式作宾语的动词有 agree afford appear ask choose dare decide dema
10、nd deserve determine expect fail guarantee hate hesitate hope learn manage offer plan prepare pretend promise refuse seem tend threaten want wish等 todo ThefollowingverbsarenormallyfollowedbyV ingortheinfinitive love like hate prefer dislike begin continue intend attempt propose want need remember fo
11、rget regret try deserve start Theteachertoldmetocleantheblackboard Iexpectyoutogivemesomehelp 4 引导不定式作宾补的动词 五看 watch see lookat observe notice 三使 let make have 二听 listento hear 一感觉 feel Warn tell allow help ask force等 sbtodosth sbdosth 省略to Imadehimdohiswork Hewasmadetodohiswork byme 变成被动 被省略的to要还原
12、不定式用在介词but except besides后时 如果这些介词前有行为动词do的各种形式 那么介词后的不定式不带to 相反则带to 1 Shecoulddonothingbutcry 2 Ihavenochoicebuttogo Note1 Note2 Ihavesomethingtosay Hehasalotofhomeworktodo Heislookingforaroomtolivein Thereisnothingtoworryabout 5 定语 如果不定式中的动词是不及物动词 则不定式中要有介词 请给我一支写字的笔 Pleasegivemeapentowritewith so
13、mething anything nothing everything等复合不定代词常用不定式做后置定语 2 他正在找住处 Heislookingforaroomtolivein 不定式所修饰的名词如果是time place或way 不定式后面的介词习惯上要省去 Hehadnomoneyandnoplacetolivein 3 something anything nothing everything等复合不定代词常用不定式作后置定语 注意比较主动与被动 1 Haveyouanythingtosend 你有什么东西要寄吗 2 Haveyouanythingtobesent 你有什么要 我或别人
14、 寄的东西吗 不定式tosend的动作执行者是you 不定式tobesent的动作执行者是已被省略的me或someoneelse Icameheretoseeyou Hegotupearlytocatchthetrain 6 状语 inorderto soasto enoughto onlyto too to 表示目的 原因 结果或条件 Wewereveryexcitedtohearthenews Hehurriedtotheschooltofindnobodythere Tolookathim youwouldlikehim 原因 结果 条件 Totellthetruth Iamnothap
15、pyatthemoment 7 独立结构 tobefrank tobehonest totellthetruth Hedidn tknow 8 与疑问词等连用 whattosay 不定式与疑问词who which when how what等连用 在句中起名词作用 可充当主语 表语 宾语等 Hedidn tknowwhattosay 宾语 Howtosolvetheproblemisveryimportant 主语 Myquestioniswhentostart 表语 注意 在与why连用时 只用于why或whynot开头的简短疑问句中 后面紧跟的动词不定式不带to Whynothaveare
16、st 9 不定式的省略 1 不定式中的动词上文已出现过 下文要省略该动词 Wouldyouliketogowithme I dliketo 2 不定式是tobe结构 be不可省 Wouldyouliketobeateacher I dliketobe Myteacherwasmade histeachingbecauseofpoorhealth A givingupB togiveupC giveupD givenup2 Thesentencewants oncemore A explainedB toexplainC beingexplainedD tobeexplained3 TheArcticisconsidered thenorthernpartoftheAtlantic A havingbeenB tohavebeenC tobeD being B D C 4 TheEmperororderedthewonderfulcloth forhimwithoutdelay A tohavewovenB tobewovenC tobeweavingD toweave5 Ifoundt
