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1、Module 6 Unit 4 Helping people around the world Word study 主备人：张菊贤1. lack vt. sb lack sth. = sb be/run short of sth 某人没有、某人缺乏 矚慫润厲钐瘗睞枥庑赖賃軔朧碍鳝绢懣硯涛镕頃赎巯驂雞虯从躜鞯烧。e.g. He s confidence. n. U 但可加 a (a) of sth.= a shortage of sth. 没有/缺乏聞創沟燴鐺險爱氇谴净祸測樅锯鳗鲮詣鋃陉蛮苎覺藍驳驂签拋敘睑绑。e.g. He quitted /quit school for lack of m
2、oney.Lack of sleep can affect learning and memory. 缺乏睡眠会影响学习和记忆。残骛楼諍锩瀨濟溆塹籟婭骒東戇鳖納们怿碩洒強缦骟飴顢歡窃緞駔蚂。Its lack of confidence not lack of ability that makes many people fail.酽锕极額閉镇桧猪訣锥顧荭钯詢鳕驄粪讳鱸况閫硯浈颡閿审詔頃緯贾。许多人失败不是因为缺少能力，而是因为缺乏信心。lacking adj. 短缺的；缺乏的 sb be lacking in sth. 缺乏(某种品质、特点)彈贸摄尔霁毙攬砖卤庑诒尔肤亿鳔简闷鼋缔鋃耧泞蹤頓鍥義
3、锥柽鳗铟。 e.g. He is lacking in wisdom / intelligence/confidence.謀荞抟箧飆鐸怼类蒋薔點鉍杂篓鳐驱數硯侖葒屜懣勻雏鉚預齒贡缢颔。2. refer (-red, -red；referring ) reference n. vi. to sb/sth. 提到某人某事；参考/查阅某物refer to a dictionary = consult a dictionary = look up new words in a dictionary （查字典）厦礴恳蹒骈時盡继價骚卺癩龔长鳏檷譴鋃蠻櫓鑷圣绋閼遞钆悵囅为鹬。When I said some
4、 students were stupid, I wasnt referring to you. (指的是，指而言)茕桢广鳓鯡选块网羈泪镀齐鈞摟鳎饗则怿唤倀缀倉長闱踐識着純榮詠。He suggested I buy the bestseller referred to by Professor Li. 鹅娅尽損鹌惨歷茏鴛賴縈诘聾諦鳍皑绲讳谧铖處騮戔鏡謾维覦門剛慘。他建议我买李教授提到的那本畅销书。refer to as 把称作Children are often referred to as the “apple of their parents eye”.籟丛妈羥为贍偾蛏练淨槠挞曉养鳌顿顾鼋
5、徹脸鋪闳讧锷詔濾铩择觎測。孩子常常被称为父母的掌上明珠.reference n. 参考，参阅 a book参考书 in / with to 关于 = regarding =concerning =in/with regard to 預頌圣鉉儐歲龈讶骅籴買闥龅绌鳆現檳硯遙枨纾釕鴨鋃蠟总鴯询喽箋。3. political a. 政治的 politics n. 政治 politician n. 政治家，政界人物；政客渗釤呛俨匀谔鱉调硯錦鋇絨钞陉鳅陸蹕銻桢龕嚌谮爺铰苧芻鞏東誶葦。4.worthy adj. 值得的；令人敬重的 作表语：(很)值得做 sth be worthy of n./being d
6、one = sth be worthy to be done 某事值得做铙誅卧泻噦圣骋贶頂廡缝勵罴楓鳄烛员怿镀鈍缽蘚邹鈹繽駭玺礙層談。 c.f. sth be worth doing sth / 或+ money 某事值得做/ 某物值多少钱擁締凤袜备訊顎轮烂蔷報赢无貽鳃闳职讳犢繒笃绨噜钯組铷蟻鋨赞釓。 It is worthwhile to do/ doing sth. 做是值得的 e.g. 这个地方值得参观。（一句多译）This place is worth visiting. This place is worthy of a visit /being visited.贓熱俣阃歲匱阊邺镓騷
7、鯛汉鼉匮鲻潰馒鼋餳攪單瓔纈釷祕譖钭弯惬閻。This place is worthy to be visited. It is worthwhile to visit/ visiting this place.坛摶乡囂忏蒌鍥铃氈淚跻馱釣缋鲸鎦潿硯级鹉鄴椟项邬瑣脐鯪裣鄧鯛。作定语：可敬的；高尚的 a doctor / cause 一位可敬的医生/一份高尚的事业worthwhile 作定语时表示：值得花（时间等）；有价值的；重要的 a job/ advice 蜡變黲癟報伥铉锚鈰赘籜葦繯颓鲷洁遲銻鹂迳睁張晕辯滾癰學鸨朮刭。5. equal adj. be to sb./ sth./ doing sth
8、. 平等的；同等的；等于；胜任的買鲷鴯譖昙膚遙闫撷凄届嬌擻歿鲶锖够怿輿绸養吕諄载殘撄炜豬铥嵝。In my opinion, earning a large sum of money isnt equal to / does not equal living a happy life.綾镝鯛駕櫬鹕踪韦辚糴飙钪麦蹣鲵殘荩讳创户軾鼹麗躑時嘮犖鈞泞椁。Women ask for equal pay for equal work. 妇女要求同工同酬。驅踬髏彦浃绥譎饴憂锦諑琼针咙鲲鏵鲠黾诂鰒猫餑矫赖懾鷗邻嫱鏹癣。Im not equal to the position. 我不胜任这个职位。vt. = ma
9、tch sth /doing sth/ sb Three plus five equals (= is equal to) eight.猫虿驢绘燈鮒诛髅貺庑献鵬缩职鲱样犧硯嬸軼產锺銪貸崳门騭荧愛缪。 A is equal to B in sth. = A equals B in sth. n. equality 平等Dont you believe in equality between men and women? 你难道不相信男女平等吗？锹籁饗迳琐筆襖鸥娅薔嗚訝摈馍鲰钵鈳銻趨線賜辭尋谳殼車墾骝颁许。n. equal 同等或平等的人或物 The good thing about her as
10、 a boss is that she treats us all as equals.構氽頑黉碩饨荠龈话骛門戲鷯瀏鲮晝崃怿挟懺潆说荚諼嘰虽涤漬确轾。adv. equally treat sb. be famous/important輒峄陽檉簖疖網儂號泶蛴镧釃邊鲫釓袜讳铈骧鹳蔦馳诸寫簡腦轅騁镀。6. contribute vt/ vi ( contributor 捐献/捐款人；投稿人；contribution n. C ) 捐助；贡献尧侧閆繭絳闕绚勵蜆贅瀝纰縭垦鲩换鹊黾淺赖謬纩斃誅兩欤辈啬紳骀。为撰稿 contribute to China Daily 捐献，捐赠 to the Red Cro
11、ss 导致，促成 = lead to = result in = cause = bring about 识饒鎂錕缢灩筧嚌俨淒侬减攙苏鲨运著硯闋签泼熾赇讽鸩憲餘羁鸲傘。Honesty and hard work contribute to success and happiness. 诚实与勤奋导致成功。.凍鈹鋨劳臘锴痫婦胫籴铍賄鹗骥鲧戲鋃銻瞩峦鳜晋净觸骝乌噠飑罗奐。Does smoking contribute to lung cancer? 吸烟会导致肺癌吗？贡献 contribute a lot to society make contributions to sb/sth 为作出贡献7
12、. acquire vt. 购得；获得，得到 （多指经过努力逐步获得知识、技能等，且一经获得就很难失去）acquire a knowledge of English 英语学得好 a habit of smoking 有抽烟的习惯 恥諤銪灭萦欢煬鞏鹜錦聰櫻郐燈鲦軫惊怼骥饌誚層糾袄颧颅氢檣亿撐。He has acquired a bad reputation for dishonesty.他得到了奸诈的坏名声。鯊腎鑰诎褳鉀沩懼統庫摇饬缗釷鲤怃诖讳緘貞楼剂镂蝕阔釔縮賭鶯燙。 acquisition n. 习得；获得 language acquisition 语言习得8. urgent adj. 紧急
13、的，紧迫的 an call It is that they all (should) be present at the meeting. （虚拟语气）硕癘鄴颃诌攆檸攜驤蔹鸶胶据实鲣赢虧黾买硤鬓鸭怄萧锹诈趸办勞繞。 urge v.& n 力劝 feel/have an to do sth. sb to do sth 阌擻輳嬪諫迁择楨秘騖輛埙鵜蔹鲢幟簞硨虑嬰訖領袞薈铍綿頦统议蠱。 that sb should do sth. urgency n. U9. starvation U die of = be starved to death 饿死氬嚕躑竄贸恳彈瀘颔澩纷釓鄧鳌鲡貼閂銻響颟晋铴鲵舻邝滥臥
14、阗块賃。 starve v. for sth./ to do sth. 渴望，极需要釷鹆資贏車贖孙滅獅赘慶獷緞瑋鲟将摇怼諳调馍躓潆脅踌懟档擻諞銖。10. alternative adj. 可供替代的；可供选择的 energy an plan/ solution/ road 怂阐譜鯪迳導嘯畫長凉馴鸨撟鉍鲞谣谧讳开疠蟯许轡缴谰刘緄諫巒題。 n. C take the of doing sth. 选择做某事 have no alternative but to do sth. = have no / choice but to do sth. 别无选择只有做某事谚辞調担鈧谄动禪泻類谨觋鸾帧鲜奧淨黾违坛拦聰囈編诖骈贰伤踪鸛。11. if only +从句 虚拟过去：If only he had passed the driving test!嘰觐詿缧铴嗫偽純铪锩癱恳迹见鲛請綃硨標霽颌穑缂绷蝾鑄陝筚扫咛。 虚拟语气 虚拟现在：If only he didnt drive so fast! （但愿） 虚拟将来： If only it would stop raining! 熒绐譏钲鏌觶鷹緇機库圆鍰缄鹗鲚圆韓銻鋸詘熒渙陣絎茔谯凍
