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1、第3练 阅读理解 七选五.阅读理解A(2018陕西西安地区八校联考)Babbage，borninLondonin1791，wasagreatmathematicalgenius.Hewasanaturalinventor.Whenhefinishedschool，hewenttostudymathematicsatCambridgeUniversity.Later，hegotajobteachingattheuniversity.Whileworkingthere，hedesignedhis“firstdifferenceengine”Thiswas，basically，ahandoperat
2、edmechanicalcalculator.Hetooknineyearstobuildapartofthemachine.Thismachinecanmakecomplexmathematicalcalculations.Itsabasicmechanicalcomputer.Babbagedreamed，however，ofmorecomplicatedmachines.Infact，hedidntonlydream; hebegantodesignthem.Theresultwasaseriesof“analyticalengines”whichwereinfactpowerfulco
3、mputers!Hisdesignscontainedprocessors，controlunits，amemoryandaninput/outputsystem.Thesearethefouressentialpartsofamodernmathematicalcomputer!Alas! His“seconddifferenceengine”couldntuseelectricitysincethishadntyetbecomeausablesourceofpower，soBabbagehadtomakedowithmechanicalsystems.Forthisreason，thema
4、chinewasbig，complicatedandexpensive.ThoughBabbageproducedcompleteplansforthemachine，hecouldntbuildit.Itwastooadvancedforitsage!Itwasnotuntilalmost160yearslaterthatBabbages“seconddifferenceengine”wasfinallymanufactured.ThefirstworkingversionofthismachinewasbuiltbytheScienceMuseuminLondon，fortheBabbag
5、ebicentenaryin1991.AsecondmachinewasthenbuiltforanAmericanhightechmillionaire，whoputitintheComputerHistoryMuseum，inCalifornia.Babbagesanalyticalengineswouldhaveused“programs”likethoseusedinthetextile(纺织) industrytomakecomplicatedpatterns，buttheywereneverbuilt.Thisbrilliantmathematicianreallywastoofa
6、raheadofhistime!1WheredidBabbageplanhis“firstdifferenceengine”？AInLondon.BAthighschool.CAtCambridge.DInScienceMuseum.2The“seconddifferenceengine”wasbuilttoworkin1991.AforanAmericanmillionaireBinmemoryofBabbageCtotestitsabilitytouseelectricityDfortextileindustrytomakepatterns3Whatcanweinferfromthetex
7、t?ABabbagesenginesdidntrunonprograms.BTextilepatternsareproducedwithprograms.CBabbagecanbeseenasthefatherofcomputers.DBabbagesanalyticalengineswereneverbuilt.BWithgoldensunshineandagentlebreeze，autumnisthemostbeautifulseasonintheyear.Thisisagreattimetogooutsideandhavefun.Gotoavalleytoseeredmapletree
8、s，goandpickfruitinanorchardorfindanopenfieldtoflyyourkitein.However，formanyhighschoolstudents，thesegreatactivitiesmaybejustadream.Withplentyofworktodo，theyspendalltheirhoursindoors，strugglingforahighmarkintheirexams.Ofcourse，studyisoneofthemostimportantthingsforteenagers.Butlifeisdefinitelymuchmoret
9、hanthat.Sometimeswespendsomuchtimestudyingthatweforgethowtomakelifewonderful.Indoingso，welosetherealpurposeoflifetobeavaluableandhappyperson.Toenjoyjusthowgreatitistobealive，wehavetoputdownourbooksandpensandlookaroundus.Students，takesomeexercisetoimproveyourhealth，talkwithyourparentsandfriendsforund
10、erstandingandwalkaroundoutsidetorefreshyourbodyandmind.Goingoutandenjoyingthebeautifulcountrysideoftenhelpsourcreativityinourwork.Chinesecraftsman，LuBan，createdasawtohelpwoodworkers.Butifhehadntwalkedoutside，hewouldnothavebeeninspiredbyakindoftoothedgrass.WecouldalsosupposethatifNewtonhadntrestedund
11、erthatappletree，thenhewouldnthavebeenhitbyanapple，andhisclassictheorieswouldnothavecomeout.Goingoutisnotonlyabreakfromhardwork，butachancetoaddtolifeexperience.Socomeon，giveyourbrainagoodrest.Stepoutofthebooksandgetyourbagreadyforanautumnouting.Wearesureyouwillgetmuchmorethanknowledgefromtheexcitingj
12、ourney.4Inwhichparagraphdoesthewritermakeasummaryabouthisopinion?AParagraph1.BParagraph2.CParagraph5.DParagraph4.5Whyisgoingoutadreamformanyhighschoolstudents?ATheyareunhappytodoso.BTheirparentsdontallowthemtodoso.CTheythinkstudyisthemostimportantthingforthem.DTheyhavetoomuchworktodoforgettinghighma
13、rksintheexams.6Thepassageisdevelopedmainlyby.AmakingpredictionsBreasoningandgivingexamplesCdescribingthebeautifulsceneryinautumnDpointingoutthepresentsituationofhighschoolstudents7Whatmessagecanyougetfromthepassage?ANatureispower.BAllworkandnoplaymakesJackadullboy.CTheauthorisnthappywithoureducation
14、atall.DGoingoutcanmakehighschoolstudentsgetmore.CWhileJenniferwasathometakinganonlineexamforherbusinesslawclass，amonitorafewhundredmilesawaywaswatchinghereverymove.UsingawebcameraequippedinJennifersLosAngelesapartment，themonitorinPhoenixtrackedhowfrequentlyhereyesmovedfromthecomputerscreenandlistene
15、dforthesecretsoundsofapossiblehelperintheroom.HerInternetaccesswaslockedremotelytopreventInternetsearches，andhertypingstylewasanalyzedtomakesureshewaswhoshesaidshewas：Didsheenterherstudentnumberatthesamespeedasshehadinthepast？Orwassheslowingdown?Inthebattleagainstcheating，thisisthecuttingedgeandakey
16、toencouragehonestyintheboomingfieldofonlineeducation.Thetechnologygivestrusttotheentiresystem，totheinstitutionandtoonlineeducationingeneral.Onlywithsolidmeasuresagainstcheating，expertssay，canInternetuniversitiesshowthattheirexamsanddiplomasarevalidthatstudentshaventjustsearchedtheInternettogettherightanswers.Althoughonlin
