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1、第10讲 Traveling abroad 语法篇_1.掌握非限定性定语从句的结构与功能；2.能够熟练选用合适的关系代词和关系副词。非限制性定语从句 1. 定语从句有限制性和非限制性两种。限制性定语从句是先行词不可缺少的部分，去掉它主句意思往往不明确；非限制性定语从句是先行词的附加说明，去掉了也不会影响主句的意思，它与主句之间通常用逗号分开。例如： This is the house which we bought last month. 这是我们上个月买的那幢房子。（限制性） The house, which we bought last month, is very nice. 这幢房子很
2、漂亮，是我们上个月买的。（非限制性） 2. 当先行词是专有名词或物主代词和指示代词所修饰时，其后的定语从句通常是非限制性的。例如： Charles Smith, who was my former teacher, retired last year. 查理.史密斯去年退休了，他曾经是我的老师。 My house, which I bought last year, has got a lovely garden. 我去年买的的那幢房子带着个漂亮的花园。 This novel, which I have read three times, is very touching. 这本小说很动人，我
3、已经读了三遍。 3. 非限制性定语从句还能将整个主句作为先行词, 对其进行修饰, 这时从句谓语动词要用第三人称单数。例如：He seems not to have grasped what I meant, which greatly upsets me.他似乎没抓住我的意思，这使我心烦。 Liquid water changes to vapor, which is called evaporation. 液态水变为蒸汽，这就叫做蒸发。 说明：关系代词that和关系副词why不能引导非限制性定语从句。 1. (2015北京) OppositeisSt.PaulsChurch,_youcanh
4、earsomelovelymusic.A. whichB. thatC. whenD. where答案: D解析: 句意：对面是圣保罗教堂，在教堂里你能听到一些优美的音乐。这是一个定语从句。先行词是St.PaulsChurch，从句主谓宾成分完整，去掉空后依然是完整的句子，可推断出引导词在从句中作的是地点状语，用where。故选D。2. (2015湖南)It is a truly delightful place, looks the same as it must have done 100years ago with its winding streets and pretty cotta
5、ge.A. asB. whereC. thatD. which答案: D解析: 根据分析，此句是一个非限制性定语从句，先行词是place，在定语从句中是作主语的，所以用关系代词引导。As引导非限定性定语从句时要放在句首，故排除，选用which。句意：这真是一个令人愉快的地方，这里的蜿蜒的小路和美丽的小村庄一定和100年前看起来是一模一样的。故选D。3. (2015重庆) Hewrotemanychildrensbooks,nearlyhalfof_werepublishedinthe1990s.A. whomB. whichC. themD. that答案: B解析: 句意：他写了许多儿童书籍
6、，几乎一半在1990年左右出版。先行词是books，定语从句中of缺少宾语，故选B项。4. (2015四川) Thebooksonthedesk, coversareshiny,areprizesforus.A. whichB. whatC. whoseD. that答案: C解析: 本题考查定语从句的关系词，先行词为thebooks，和covers之间存在所有关系，故选择C，意为书的封面。句意为：桌上的书是给我们的奖励，那些书的封面闪闪发光。5. (2015福建) ChinaTodayattractsaworldwidereadership,_showsthatmoreandmorepeop
7、leallovertheworldwanttolearnaboutChina.A. whoB. whomC. thatD. which答案: D解析: 根据句式结构来看出现了逗号，说明这是一个非限制性定语从句。首先That不能引导非限制性定语从句，who在引导非限制性定语从句的时候通常在从句中做主语和宾语，指人，而whom也指人，却只能做宾语。Which引导非限制性定语从句通常在从句中做主语或者宾语。关系词代指前面的中国日报，在定语从句中做主语。该句意思为：中国日报有着全球的读者群，这说明全球越来越多的人想要了解中国。故选D。 基础演练1.He is good at English, _we
8、all know.A. that B. as C. whom D. What2.The letter is from my sister, _is working in Beijing.A. which B. that C. whom D. who3.The letter is from my sister, _is working in Beijing. A. which B. that C. whom D. who 4.I lost a book, _I cant remember now. A. whose title B. its title C. the title of it D.
9、 the title of that 5.This machine, _for many years, is still working perfectly. A. after which I have looked B. which I have looked afterC. that I have looked after D. I have looked after Key: 1-5 BDDAB 巩固提高1.He is working hard, _will make him pass the final exam. A.that B.which C.for which D.who 2.
10、I have two grammars, _are of great use. A. all of which B. either of which C. both of that D. both of which 3. Smoking, _ is a bad habit, is, however, popular. A. that B. which C. it D. though 4. I shall never forget those years when I lived on the farm with the farmers, _ has a great effect on my l
11、ife. A. who B. which C. that D. which 5. Have you ever listened to the song Yesterday once more, _ singer died in her early years?A. its B.its C. whose D. which 6. John got beaten in the game, _ had been expected. A. as B. that C. what D. who 7. I have bought two ballpens, _ writes well. A. none of
12、them B. neither of them C. neither of which D. none of which8. To get the job started, _ I need is your permission.A. only what B. all what C. all that D. only that9. My father bought me several books, but _ was interesting.A. most of them B. none of them C. none of which D. neither of which10. Liu
13、Xiangs breaking the world record was an exciting moment, _ all of us will never forget.A. that B. one C. it D. what Key: 6-10BDBA 10-15 ACCCD1. The foreign guests, _ were scientists, were warmly welcomed at the airport.A. most of whom B. most of them C. most of which D. most of those2. Tom didnt attend the meeting, _ we had expected.A. where B. that C. as D. what3. Mr. White will come to the party on Sunday, _ he promised to every one of us.A. when B. tha
