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1、SectionGrammar&Writing关联词语一篇好文章除了要求覆盖所有的要点，应用较多的语法结构和词汇以外，还必须有效地使用语句间的连接成分，使全文结构紧凑，行文连贯，条理清楚。要使句子与句子之间的意思互相连接，就需要有关联词语。没有关联词语，读者就很容易被弄糊涂。这些关联词语帮助读者推断出文章中接下来将发生什么。以下是句子之间常见的几类关联词：一、Time sequence words 表示先后次序关系的词语用来列举事件以及人的行为或观点发生、发展的次序。这一类常见的连接词有： firstly, secondly, finally, in the end, previously, n
2、ext, at last, eventually, to begin with, to start with, first of all, to end with, afterwards等。I found it tiring to begin with but I soon got used to it.我起初觉得很累，但不久便适应了。考题印证1(2011浙江高考)Ive been writing this report_ for the last two weeks, but it has to be handed in tomorrow.AfinallyBimmediatelyCoccas
3、ionally Dcertainly解析：选C。考查副词辨析。根据语意“这两个星期来我偶尔写写这个报告，但明天必须上交”可知， occasionally表示“偶尔，有时候”，符合语境。finally表示“最后”；immediately表示“立刻，马上”；certainly表示“确定，肯定”。二、Cause and effect words 表示因果关系的词语用来表达事情发生的起因与结果。这一类常见的连接词有：for one thing, therefore, so, as a result, owing to, due to, in that, now that, on account of,
4、 thus, as a consequence, consequently等。For one thing, the coat fits me well; for another, it doesnt cost much.一方面，这件外套我穿很合身，另外，它的价格也不贵。As a result, he won the first prize in the English speech contest.结果，他获得了英语演讲比赛的一等奖。考题印证2(2012重庆高考)Coach, can I continue with the training?Sorry, you cant _ you have
5、nt recovered from the knee injury.Auntil BbeforeCas Dunless解析：选C。考查连词的用法。根据句意“教练，我可以继续训练吗？”“很抱歉，不可以，因为你的膝盖受伤还没有恢复过来”可知，此处应用引导原因状语从句的连接词as。故选C项。三、Contrasting words 表示对比关系的词语用于连接句子或成分与前文内容形成对比。这一类常见的连接词有：however, in contrast, instead, nevertheless, on the contrary, on the other hand, in comparison wit
6、h, compared with, rather than等。He didnt reply. Instead, he turned on his heel and left the room.他没有回答，反而转身离开了房间。考题印证331(2012安徽高考)Queen Elizabeth is often thought to be the richest woman in the world._， her personal wealth seems rather small.ABesides BOtherwiseCHowever DAltogether解析：选C。考查副词辨析。句意：女王伊丽
7、莎白二世常被认为是世界上最富有的女性。然而，她的个人财富看起来相当少。besides“除此之外，而且”；otherwise“否则”；however“然而，不过”；altogether“总而言之”。根据句意可知，前后两句之间为转折关系，故选C。32(2012江西高考)He seems to be giving the impression that he didnt enjoy himself in Paris._， he had a wonderful time.AAbove all BWhats moreCAs a result DOn the contrary解析：选D。考查关联词辨析。从
8、前后不一致的说法可以得知中间用表示相反意思的关联词。A项表示“最重要的是”；B项表示“而且”；C项表示“结果”；D项表示“正相反”。四、Additional words 表示递进关系的词语常用来介绍一些补充性的信息，或表达语意的递进。这一类常见的连接词有：also, on top of, above all, besides, furthermore, moreover, in addition, additionally等。I dont really want to go. Besides, its too late now.我并不真的想去。而且现在太晚了。考题印证4(2012湖南高考)Bi
9、cycling is good exercise；_， it does not pollute the air.Anevertheless BbesidesCotherwise Dtherefore解析：选B。考查副词辨析。句意：骑自行车是很好的锻炼方式，而且它不会污染环境。由句意可知选besides，意为“而且”；nevertheless“然而”；otherwise“否则”；therefore“因此”。五、Conclusive words 表示总结归纳的词语用来对前文进行概括或总结。这一类常见的连接词有：in a word; in short; generally speaking; in
10、ones opinion; to summarize等。Inflation is down, spending is up. In short, the economy is in good shape.通货膨胀有所下降，消费则在上涨。总而言之，经济形势不错。除了以上列举的这些连接词以外，英语中还有许多各式各样的连接词。它们的出现使得原本显得孤立的句子形成语意丰富的篇章。在平时的学习中留意并积累一些这样的连接词无疑会有助于我们口语与书面表达的连贯。.用所给的单词或短语填空With the development of communication technology, telephone ha
11、s become much more popular than letters. 1._， writing letters is still some peoples favorite. 2._， when people write to each other, they can express their friendship with emotion. 3._， people can keep the letters they have received for a long time. 4._， the letters can remind them of the old days as
12、 well as the old friends many years 5._. 6._， writing letters can help us improve our writing ability 7._ we may practice writing by writing to each other.8_， making a phone call is much more convenient and rapid, 9._ if there is something urgent, the best way is certainly making a phone call rather
13、 than writing a letter and 10._ posting it.答案：1.However2.First3.Second4.Third5.later6.Last7.and8.Of course9.so10.then.单项填空1(2012四川高考)At school, some students are active _ some are shy, yet they can be good friends with one another.Awhile BalthoughCso Das解析：选A。考查并列连词。句意：在学校，一些学生很活跃而一些却很害羞，然而他们都可能彼此成为
14、好朋友。根据句意选while，表示两个分句中两种情况的对比。2(2011辽宁高考)Bring the flowers into a warm room _ theyll soon open.Aor BandCbut Dfor解析：选B。考查连词。句意：将花放到暖和的房间里，它们将会很快开放。根据句意可知此处表示顺承关系，故用and连接。注意此句为“祈使句and陈述句”句型。3(2011全国卷)Someone wants you on the phone. _nobody knows I am here. AAlthough BAndCBut DSo解析：选C。考查连词辨析。 句意：“有人打电话
15、找你。”“但是没有人知道我在这里呀。” 因此空白处填But, 表转折关系。4(2011江西高考)The house was too expensive and too big._， Id grown fond of our little rented house.ABesides BThereforeCSomehow DOtherwise解析：选A。句意：考查副词辨析。这房子太贵且太大，此外，我已渐渐爱上了我们租来的小屋。therefore“因此”；somehow“不知怎的”； otherwise“否则”，均不合逻辑。 5The company is planning to reduce the number of employees and _ to cut cost.Ahowever
