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1、英语学科2008命题中心六套题（赠送题）英语学科2008命题中心六套题（赠送题）知识运用部分综合Section Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) from each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)一、美陪审团制度 As former colonists of Great Britain, the Founding Fathers of the United States adop
2、ted much of the legal system of Great Britain. We have a “common law”, or law made by courts_1_a monarch or other central governmental_2_like a legislature. The jury, a_3_of ordinary citizens chosen to decide a case, is an_4_ part of our common-law system. Use of juries to decide cases is a_5_featur
3、e of the American legal system. Few other countries in the world use juries as we do in the United States._6_the centuries, many people have believed that juries in most cases reach a fairer and more just result_7_would be obtained using a judge_8_, as many countries do._9_a jury decides cases after
4、 “_10_”, or discussions among a group of people, the jurys decision is likely to have the_11_ from many different people from different backgrounds, who must as a group decide what is right. Juries are used in both civil cases, which decide_12_ among_13_ citizens, and criminal cases, which decide ca
5、ses brought by the government _14_ that individuals have committed crimes. Juries are selected from the U.S. citizens and_15_. Jurors, consisting of _16_ numbers, are called for each case requiring a jury. The judge_17_to the case_18_the selection of jurors to serve as the jury for that case. In som
6、e states,_19_jurors are questioned by the judge; in others, they are questioned by the lawyers representing the_20_under rules dictated by state law. 1. A other thanB rather than C more than D or rather2. A agencyB organizationC institution D authority3. A panel B crew C band D flock4. A innate B in
7、tact C integral D integrated5. A discriminatingB distinguishing C determiningD diminishing6. A in B by C after D over7. A that B which C than D as 8. A alike B alone C altogether D apart9. A Although B Because C If D While 10.A deliberationsB meditations C reflections D speculations11.A outline B ou
8、tcome C input D intake12.A arguments B controversies C disputes D hostilities13.A fellow B individual C personal D private14.A asserting B alleging C maintaining D testifying15.A assembled B evoked C rallied D summoned16.A set B exact C given D placed17.A allocated B allotted C appointed D assigned1
9、8.A administers B manages C oversees D presides 19.A inspective B irrespective C perspective D prospective20.A bodies B parties C sides D units答案1. B 2. D 3. A 4. C 5. B 6. D7.C8.B 9. B 10. A11. C12. C13.D 14.B 15. D 16. A 17. D18. C19. D 20. B总体分析本文介绍了美国的陪审团制度。第一段指出，陪审团是美国共同法系统的基本组成部分。第二段分析了使用陪审团的原
10、因。第三和四段分别介绍了陪审团的类型和选举程序。试题精解1.精解 本题考查连接词的用法辨析。空格前后是两个并列的名词courts和a monarch，所在句子的含义为：“共同法”是由法庭君主制定。根据常识可知，美国是民主制国家，法律不由君主制定。因此空格处填入的连接词应肯定前者而否定后者，正确项是B项rather than，即“法庭而不是君主”。other than通常用在否定句中，表示排除意义，即“除了”，相当于except。如I dont know any French other than you（除了你我不认识其他法国人）。rather than是连词，前后连接的成分应保持一致，可以是
11、名词、动词、形容词、从句等，通常译为“而不是；与其说是不如说是”，有时可用短语介词 instead of替代。如Nuclear science should be developed to benefit the people rather than harm them（发展核科学应该造福于人而非造祸于人）。More than连接名词时除了表示“多于，超过以上”，也可以表示“不仅仅，不只是”，相当于not only，如Einstein was more than a great scientist（爱因斯坦不仅仅是个伟大的科学家）。or rather表示“更确切的说法是”，相当于more ex
12、actly，如He came home very late last night, or rather very early this morning（他昨天很晚才回来，更确切地说是今天早上很早就回来了）。2.精解 本题考查名词词义的辨析。空格处填入的名词和governmental搭配，表示“像立法机关这样的中央政府”。A项agency一般指“服务机构，尤其是代理或经销机构”；也可以指（提供特别服务）的政府专门机构，如the Central Intelligence Agency（美国中央情报局）。B项organization泛指各种组织、团体和机构。C项institution多指“大规模的用
13、于特殊目的的组织”，如educational institution（教育机构）；或者指各种慈善机构和社会福利机构。D项authority可表示“有权利做决定或在某个地区有特别责任范围的人们或组织”，即“当局，当权者”。文中legislature指“有权制定或修改法律的一群人”，即“立法机关”。因此D项为最佳答案。3.精解 本题考查名词的词义辨析。A项panel指“一组(给予意见和观点的人)”，如a panel of experts专家组。crew指“（有专门技术的）一组工作人员，一起工作的一群人”，如a film crew电影摄制组，a train track repair crew一组铁轨
14、维修人员；band指“（因为某种共同的目的而组成且有首领的）一帮人”，如a band of robbers一群强盗；flock指a crowd, large number of people，如a flock of people poured into the hall（一群人涌进了大厅）。而空格所在部分指的是陪审团小组，就被告有罪无罪给出观点的一组人，因此A项正确。4.精解 本题考查形容词词义的辨析。空格所在部分的含义是：陪审团是共同法系统部分。innate意为“天生的，先天的（品质、情感等）”，如innate ability of learning（天生的学习能力）；intact意为“完整无缺的”，如His reputation remained intact（他的名誉丝毫未受损害）；integral意为“必须的，不可或缺的”，如Music is an integral part of the schools curriculum（音乐是这所学校的课程中基本的一环）。integrated意为“各部分密切协调的，完整的，综合的”，如an integrated transport system综合联运体系（包括汽车、火车、出租车等）。根据文意，应选C项。5.精解 本题考查形
