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1、Part Grammar动词-ing形式作主语和宾语思维导图一、概念动词ing形式是动词的一种非谓语形式，包括现在分词和动名词两种。1.动词ing形式的时态和语态语态时态主动语态被动语态一般式doingbeing done完成式having donehaving been done2.动词ing形式在句中的语法作用动名词在句中作主语、宾语、表语和定语；现在分词在句中作状语、宾语补足语和定语。二、动词ing形式作主语1.动词ing形式直接作主语表示抽象的概念，通常直接置于句首，谓语动词用单数形式。Reading aloud is a good way in learning a language
2、.朗读是学习语言的一个好办法。Getting up early is a good habit.早起是一种好习惯。2.置于句末，用it作形式主语，多见于下面几个句型：It is worth doing.做是值得的Itbea waste of time doing.做是浪费时间的It is/was no good/use doing.做是没有用的It is a waste of time talking about such useless things.谈论这些没用的事情是在浪费时间。It is no use crying over spilt milk.覆水难收。三、动词ing形式作宾语的用
3、法1.有些动词和动词短语后常用动词ing形式作宾语。如admit，appreciate，avoid，stand(忍受)，consider，delay，dislike，enjoy，imagine，escape，excuse，suggest，feel like，finish，forgive，mention，mind，miss，practise，get down to，give up，devote.to，insist on，keep (on)，look forward to，pay attention to，put off，stick to，be accustomed tobe used to(习惯
4、于)等等。2.在allow，advise，forbid，permit后直接跟动词ing形式作宾语，如果有名词或代词作宾语，则构成“allow/advise/forbid/permit名词/代词不定式(宾语补足语)”形式。They advise solving the problem in this way.他们建议用这种方法解决这个问题。We dont allow anybody to smoke here.我们不允许任何人在这儿吸烟。3.动词need，require，want意为“需要”时，后跟动词ing形式的主动式或不定式的被动式作宾语，意义没有区别。The window needs/re
5、quires/wants cleaning/to be cleaned.窗户需要擦了。4.在begin，start，continue，intend后用动词ing形式和用不定式作宾语均可，意义没有多大区别。5.有些动词，后接动词ing形式作宾语，与用动词不定式作宾语，意义大相径庭。My father tried to cheer me up.父亲努力让我振作起来。Lets try knocking at the back door.咱们敲后门试试。Dont forget to say “Thank you” when someone has helped you.当有人帮助了你时不要忘记说“谢谢
6、”。I forgot closing the windows when I returned home. 我回到家的时候，忘记已经关了窗户。四、动词ing形式的否定形式动词ing形式的否定形式通常是在其前加not，带有逻辑主语时not应放在逻辑主语和动词ing形式之间。You have no excuse for not going.你没有理由不去。He was punished for not having done his homework.他因未完成作业而受到惩罚。五、动词ing形式的复合结构动词ing形式的复合结构由物主代词或人称代词宾格、名词所有格或普通格加动词ing，即“sb/sb
7、sdoing”构成。动词ing形式的复合结构实际上是给动词ing形式加了一个逻辑主语。动词ing形式的复合结构有四种形式：形容词性物主代词动词ingHer coming to help encouraged all of us.她来帮忙鼓舞了我们所有人。名词s动词ingJanes being careless caused so much trouble.简的粗心大意造成了太多的麻烦。代词宾格动词ingCan you imagine him/Jack cooking at home?你能想象他/杰克在家做饭的样子吗？名词动词ingThe baby was made awake by the d
8、oor suddenly shutting.这个婴儿被突然的关门声吵醒了。名师点津(1)动词ing形式的复合结构可在句中作主语或宾语。作主语时，不能用两种形式。(2)无生命名词无论是作主语还是作宾语都不能用第种形式。Yesterday being Sunday postponed the match.昨天是星期天，比赛推迟了。(作主语)She is fond of coffee being served after dinner.她喜欢饭后喝点咖啡。(作宾语).用所给动词的适当形式填空1.Would you mind turning(turn) down your radio a little
9、，please?2.Making(make) friends plays an important part in our life.3.It is no use talking(talk) with a person like him.4.The bird was lucky and it just missed beingcaught(catch).5.I always prefer tostart(start) early rather than leave(leave) everything to the last minute.6.Maybe youve forgotten topo
10、st(post) my letter.How could I？I remember putting(put) the letter into the letter box.7.All the boys are looking forward to going(go) forward to the National Park.8.Some people like tostay (stay) at home, but others like to go to the cinema.补全句子1.Tomsbeingsocareless caused so much trouble.汤姆这么粗心，惹来了
11、不少麻烦。2.Hisgettinguplateinthemorning made him late for class.他早上起晚了，导致他上课迟到了。3.Its fun spendingtheholiday at the beach.在海边度假很有趣。4.If the TV should need repairing/toberepaired,please let me know as soon as possible.如果这台电视需要修理的话，请尽快通知我。5.It is difficult to imagine his/himacceptingthedecisionwithoutanyconsideration.很难想象他会不假思索就接受了这个决定。6.We arebusy(in)preparingforthecomingexam.我们正忙着为即将到来的考试做准备。7.I regrettosay that I shouldnt have shouted at you the other day.我很遗憾的说，我几天前不应该对你大声叫喊的。8.Many people have suggested settingmorerules to protect animal rights.很多人都建议制定规则以保护动物权益。
