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1、 形容词 副词的基本用法 一 形容词是表示事物的特征和性质的词类 通常在句中作表语 宾语补足语 定语等 1 形容词主要在下列动词后作宾语补足语 1 表示感觉的动词 如 feel find see等 She felt the palm of his hand wet with sweat 她感觉他的手掌汗湿了 I found the cage empty 我发觉笼子空了 Seeing him perfectly grave she nod her head with approval 她看见他非常严肃的样子就点头同意了 2 表示致使的动词 如 get have leave make set tu
2、rn 等 He got his shoes and socks wet 他把鞋袜都弄湿了 The operation left him weak 那次手术使他身体变弱了 The cold wind turned the leaves yellow 寒风使树叶变黄了 2 形容词有时也可作状语表示伴随或结果 形容词作状 语表示主语的状态 并不表达动作的方式 After the long journey the three of them went back home hungry and tired 经过长时间旅行后 他们三个回到家 又饿又累 二 副词表示动作 状态 特征等的性质 方式 程度 数量
3、等 或指出动作和状态的发生或存在的状况 因此副 词的语法意义是多样的 副词在句中主要作状语 也可作表 语 定语 宾语补足语 1 作状语是副词的主要句法功能 作状语时它修饰动词 形 容词和其他副词 I agree with you absolutely 我完全同意你 He looked tired so deathly tired 他看来累了 累得要死 2 有些副词还可以作连词 作副词时常放在句末 如 though ever since in case等 He is old He works hard though Though he is old he works hard 虽然他年事已高 但
4、他工作还是很努力 3 有些副词置于句首可修饰全句 作评注性状语 如 obviously naturally surprisingly等 Fortunately he was not drowned and was saved by the PLA 幸运的是 他没被淹死 被解放军救了 Happily for her her stepmother was kind to her 令她高兴的是她的继母对她很好 4 can not never 与enough 或too连用表示 无论怎样都不过分 越 越好 You can never be too careful in the street 在大街上你越
5、小心越好 1 A is v 倍数 比较级 than B 2 A is v 倍数 as 原级 as B 3 A is v 倍数 the 名词 size length height 等 of B 4 A is v 倍数 that of B 5 A is v 倍数 what 引导的名词性从句 This building is three times higher than that one This building is three times as high as that one This building is three times the height of that one 这个建筑物
6、是那个建筑物的3倍高 形容词 副词表示倍数的句型 The output of this year is 3 times that of 2014 The output of this year is 3 times what it was in 2014 今年的产量是2014年的三倍 After the new technique was introduced the factory produced twice as many cars in 2014 as the year before 引进新技术后 这家工厂2014年生产的小汽车是去年的两倍 形容词 副词的比较等级 1 as 形容词 a
7、 an 名词 as 表示同级比较 注意中 间的形容词和名词并列时各自所在的位置 It is generally believed that teaching is as much an art as it is a science 人们普遍认为 教学是一门科学 同时也是一门艺术 2 as 形容词 副词的原级 as 与 not as so 形容词 副词 的原级 as 表示同级比较 即两个或两部分人或物在性质 上或程度上相同 不同 The work is not as so difficult as you imagine 这项工作不像你想象的那么难 3 the 比较级 of the two 名词
8、 表示 两者中较 的那个 The taller of the two boys is my brother 两个男孩中较高的那位是我哥哥 4 a 形容词比较级 n After two years research we have a far better understanding of the disease 研究两年之后 现在我们进一步了解了这种病 5 the 比较级 the 比较级 表示 越 越 The more you talked the less attention he paid to you 你说得越多 他就越不专心听你讲 6 比较级 and 比较级 表示 越来越 Our ci
9、ty is becoming more and more beautiful 我们的城市会变得越来越美丽 7 比较级的修饰语常见的有 rather much still even far any 用于否定句或疑问句 a lot a little a great deal by far a bit 等 The students study even harder than before 学生们学习比以前更努力了 A car runs a great deal faster than a bike 汽车比自行车跑的快得多 8 最高级 1 最高级的修饰语常见的有 序数词 by far nearly
10、almost by no means not really not quite nothing like The bridge being built now is by far the longest across the Yellow River 目前正在建的那座桥是横跨黄河之上的桥当中最长的一座 I d like to buy the second most expensive camera 我想买那部第二贵的相机 2 否定词 比较级 最高级 There is no greater love than that of a man who lays down his life for hi
11、s friends 为朋友而舍弃生命的人的爱是最伟大的爱 Are you satisfied with what he said at the meeting 你对他在会议上的发言满意吗 No It couldn t have been worse 不 发言太差了 单句填空 1 If you want to book tickets for the 2016 Asian Games just call 00952012 It couldn t be simple 解析 句意 如果你想预订2016年亚运会的票 就拨打电话 00952012 不可能比这更简单了 形容词比较级和否定词连用时 表最高级
12、意思 即 这是最简单的 答案 1 simpler 2 The concept of Customer First should be firm rooted in the mind of every shop assistant 解析 句意 顾客至上 的概念应该牢固地植根于每个商店售货 员的心里 修饰过去分词应用副词 答案 2 firmly 3 He had driven no far than ten miles when his race car broke down and he was soon behind the other competitors 解析 句意 他刚刚开了不超过十英
13、里距离时 他的赛车就抛 锚了 很快他就落后于其他竞争对手 far表示 具体距离 时的比较 级是farther 答案 3 farther 4 Your plan as well as his sounds original But the company I think won t approve either of them for they are real 解析 句意 你的计划以及他的计划听起来是那么有创意 但 我认为公司哪个也不会批准的 因为它们不现实 从句意看应是不 切合实际的 因此应是unrealistic 答案 4 unrealistic 5 Do you like this pa
14、rt of the town the so called desired area On the contrary it s the area that I want to visit in town 解析 句意 你喜欢这座城市的这一部分吗 所谓的 期望区 相反 这是我最不想参观的一个区域 last本意 为 最后的 引申为 the least suitable or likely 最不可能的 答案 5 last 6 Retirement is obviously a very complex adjustment period and the early you start planning
15、for it the better 解析 句意 退休显然是一个非常复杂的适应期 你越早 开始规划越好 the 比较级 the 比较级 是一个固定句型 意为 越 就越好 答案 6 earlier 7 If there were no examinations tomorrow we would have a much happy time tonight 解析 句意 如果明天没有考试 我们今晚会更快乐 本句是一个虚拟 是虚拟与真实的对比 是比较关系 因 此用比较级 答案 7 happier 8 It s likely that she will be absence from punishmen
16、t as our teacher has been convinced by her excuse 解析 句意 很有可能她不会受到惩罚 因为老师相信 了她的借口 absence 的形容词形式是absent 答案 8 absent 9 Young people go to college with the expectation that good educated people get a higher pay 解析 句意 年轻人上大学的期望是受过更好教育的人会得 到更高的薪水 从后文用词higher 可知 这里是一个相对的概 念 含一个比较的意思 答案 9 better 10 She believes that we have all become world citizens due to technological advances like internet and airplanes And I couldn t agree 解析 句意 她认为 我们都因为网络和飞机这些科技的进 步而成为地球村的一员 我完全赞同 形容词的比较级与否定 词连用 表达的是最高级的意思 I coul
