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1、此文档是毕业设计外文翻译成品（ 含英文原文+中文翻译），无需调整复杂的格式！下载之后直接可用，方便快捷！本文价格不贵,也就几十块钱！一辈子也就一次的事！外文标题：An Overview of Blockchain Technology: Architecture, Consensus, and Future Trends外文作者：Zibin Zheng, Shaoan Xie, Hongning Dai, Xiangping Chen, and Huaimin Wang文献出处: 2018IEEE International Congress on Big Data (BigData Cong
2、ress) (如觉得年份太老，可改为近2年，毕竟很多毕业生都这样做)英文5316单词，33823字符(字符就是印刷符)，中文9382汉字。（如果字数多了，可自行删减，大多数学校都是要求选取外文的一部分内容进行翻译的。）An Overview of Blockchain Technology: Architecture, Consensus, and Future TrendsAbstractBlockchain, the foundation of Bitcoin, has received extensive attentions recently. Blockchain serves as
3、 an immutable ledger which allows transactions take place in a decentralized manner. Blockchain-based applications are springing up, covering numerous fields including financial services, reputation system and Internet of Things (IoT), and so on. However, there are still many challenges of blockchai
4、n technology such as scalability and security problems waiting to be overcome. This paper presents a comprehensive overview on blockchain technology. We provide an overview of blockchain architechture firstly and compare some typical consensus algorithms used in different blockchains. Furthermore, t
5、echnical challenges and recent advances are briey listed. We also lay out possible future trends for blockchain.Index TermsBlockchain, decentralization, consensus, scalabilityI.INTRODUCTIONNowadays cryptocurrency has become a buzzword in both industry and academia. As one of the most successful cryp
6、tocurrency, Bitcoin has enjoyed a huge success with its capital market reaching 10 billion dollars in 2016 1. With a specially designed data storage structure, transactions in Bitcoin network could happen without any third party and the core technology to build Bitcoin is blockchain, which was rst p
7、roposed in 2008 and implemented in 2009 2. Blockchain could be regarded as a public ledger and all committed transactions are stored in a list of blocks. This chain grows b as new blocks are appended to it continuously. Asymmetric cryptography and distributed consensus algorithms have been implement
8、ed for user security and ledger consistency. The blockchain technology generally has key characteristics of decentralization, persistency, anonymity and auditability. With these traits, blockchain can greatly save the cost and improve the efficiency.Since it allows payment to be finished without any
9、 bank or any intermediary, blockchain can be used in various financial services such as digital assets, remittance and online payment 3, 4. Additionally, it can also be applied into other fields including smart contracts 5, public services 6, Internet of Things (IoT) 7, reputation systems 8 and secu
10、rity services 9. Those fields favor blockchain in multiple ways. First of all, blockchain is immutable. Transaction cannot be tampered once it is packed into the blockchain. Businesses that require high reliability and honesty can use blockchain to attract customers.Besides, blockchain is distribute
11、d and can avoid the single point of failure situation. As for smart contracts, the contract could be executed by miners automatically once the contract has been deployed on the blockchain. Although the blockchain technology has great potential for the construction of the future Internet systems, it
12、is facing a number of technical challenges. Firstly, scalability is a huge concern. Bitcoin block size is limited to 1 MB now while a block is mined about every ten minutes. Subsequently, the Bitcoin network is restricted to a rate of 7 transactions per second, which is incapable of dealing with hig
13、h frequency trading. However, larger blocks means larger storage space and slower propagation in the network. This will lead to centralization gradually as less users would like to maintain such a large blockchain. Therefore the trade off between block size and security has been a tough challenge. S
14、econdly, it has been proved that miners could achieve larger revenue than their fair share through selfish mining strategy 10. Miners hide their mined blocks for more revenue in the future. In that way, branches could take place frequently, which hinders blockchain development. Hence some solutions
15、need to be put forward to x this problem. Moreover, it has been shown that privacy leakage could also happen in blockchain even users only make transactions with their public key and private key 11. Furthermore, current consensus algorithms like proof of work or proof of stake are facing some seriou
16、s problems. For example, proof of work wastes too much electricity energy while the phenomenon that the rich get richer could appear in the proof of stake consensus process.There is a lot of literature on blockchain from various sources, such as blogs, wikis, forum posts, codes, conference proceedings and journal articles. Tschorsch et al. 12made a technical survey about decentralized digital currencies including Bitcoin. Compare
