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1、河南大学 硕士学位论文 河南省高校高水平男子篮球队体能训练环境现状与优化路径选 择 姓名：郭超群 申请学位级别：硕士 专业：体育教育训练学 指导教师：张凡涛 2011-05 I 摘 要 摘 要 体能训练是在特定的空间中进行的一项特殊的训练活动。 活动的内容是通过教练员 制定体能训练计划，实施训练手段，指导运动员使用各种体能训练器械，完成体能训练 任务，最终达到提高运动员竞技水平的目的。在体能训练的过程中，始终伴随着各种物 质、能量、信息的交换，将这些物质以及各种关系进行系统整合后，发现有些是客观存 在的物质要素，有些是训练主体主观的精神要素，它们共同构建起整个体能训练环境。 体能训练环境对于保
2、障体能训练过程的顺利进行具有十分重要的意义， 构建良好的 体能训练环境能够使体能训练的效率和质量达到最优化发展。因此，以河南省高校高水 平男子篮球队体能训练环境现状为研究对象，对该省体能训练环境进行全面、深入的调 查研究，将各支高校球队体能训练环境中暴露出的问题进行了深入剖析，在进行调查研 究工作的同时为各支球队之间初步建立了体能训练的交流平台。使用较为新颖的视角， 全面、 具体的反映出目前河南省高校高水平男子篮球队在体能训练环境中的各种问题和 不足，通过现状分析给予发展对策和结论建议，为提高河南省高校篮球水平、发展高校 篮球事业做出贡献。 通过采用文献法、问卷调查法、数理统计法、逻辑分析法对
3、各支球队体能训练环境 进行了深入、细致的分析，发现目前河南省高校高水平男子篮球队体能训练环境较差， 体能训练的过程中暴露的问题较多。研究结论如下： 目前各支球队体能训练环境整体状况较差，物质环境、精神环境的建设需要进一步 改善和提高。物质环境方面，体能训练硬环境条件简陋，场地、器械的使用过程中暴露 问题较多，相关设施的更新、维护、维修不能到位，使运动员体能训练的效果与质量大 打折扣，导致体能训练的过程中存在一定的安全隐患；没有很好的利用自身周边的各种 资源，特别是对本校体育院、系的各种人员、场地、器械资源利用不足；各支球队均存 在不同程度的经费短缺，甚至出现没有经费来源的状况，且来源途径仍是以
4、学校拨款为 主，比较单一；球队生活管理较为松散，口头要求以及询问是教练员常用的管理手段； 运动员课余生活安排较为随意，没有养成良好的生活和作息习惯。精神环境相对较好， 教练员对运动员体能训练较为重视，对运动员体能水平把握及时，但对于知识、技能的 自我更新能力需要进一步提高；运动员在参与体能训练过程中比较积极，但缺乏个人训 II 练计划的引导。 结合河南省高校高水平男子篮球队体能训练环境现状提出建议：进一步改善、丰富 体能训练场地、器械的质量、数量与种类；加大体能训练经费的投入，同时拓宽经费来 源途径；深入挖掘体育院、系可用资源，弥补自身资源不足；积极组织体能训练科研和 相关培训工作，提高体能训
5、练的科学性；完善自身的管理制度，加强对运动员训练、生 活方面的监督和调控；充分调动起所有教练员、运动员的训练积极性，提高上级部门管 理者对体能训练环境的重视程度，加快体能训练环境的建设，从而最大程度的实现体能 训练目标，促进球队整体实力的快速增长。 关键词 关键词：河南省高校；高水平男子篮球队；体能训练环境；优化路径 III ABSTRACT ABSTRACT Physical conditioning is a kind of training exercise doing in a particular space, the details of it is to make good us
6、e of different kinds of training instrument and to apply to the rules that the coach make for you, through which athletes standards can be remarkably improved. During the process of training, there are many exchanges of subjects ,energy and information. After you put all the information and relation
7、ship into one system ,you will find some objective elements are the subjective elements of trained person, and the build the whole environment of physical conditioning. The environment for training is of great significance to ensure the success of processing the physical conditioning ,and building a
8、 good circumstance for physical conditioning can improve the efficiency and quality of it to the best.Hence we set men basketball in Henan province as an example to do a deep research of both the training itself and the problems that have revealed in the process of it ,we can set up a first step for
9、 the communication of physical conditioning .Through a new kind of version, we can draw an all-around and idiographic reflection of the problems and disadvantages of physical conditioning in the high school men basketball teams in Henan province. Then we can make a contribution to the development of
10、 the basketball standard via the analysis of its nowadays condition. Through the refering the reference book, observation, statistics and logical analysis of the physical conditioning on every basketball team, we can find that many teams in our province are still not having a good atmosphere for tra
11、ining and we can find many problems in it. The conclusion are as followed : The circumstance of high school men basketball training in Henan province is still in a bad condition, and many aspects, for example, objective and spiritual aspects need remarkable improvement. When it comes to material asp
12、ect, firstly, training space is not enough and many problems come out when using the instruments; besides, the renewal, maintenance and mending acquirements of the facilities is not as timely as they require. There will be a discount on the effect and quality of the physical conditioning, and there
13、IV will also be some danger to deal with such kind of instruments. Secondly, some high schools donnot good use of the resources around themselves especially the PE departments and the playground; and the outlay of every team have some standards of shortage, some even dont have any of it, because the
14、 way to get that money is mainly from the school. Thirdly, some couches management is so loose that they just manage the team orally; the schedule of free time is in a casual way, so it is hard to form a good habit of daily life. As for the spiritual aspect, which is better compared with the former,
15、 some problems still occur, for instance, the knowledge and the technics of players are in badly need of enhancing; besides, although the athletes are positive in training process but they lack a schedule instruction for daily practice. According to high school men basketball physical conditioning i
16、n Henan Province, we can give some suggestion: at first, in order to reach a higher standard level of the training instruments, playground for training must be improved; secondly, more money should be invested into this project and the way we get that sum of money should be widened at the same time； thirdly, high schools ought to find the potential resources in PE departments to make up the lack of resources; fourthly, couches bear the res
