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1、 . . . 人 书 脑 1.William Shakespeare莎士比亚1564-1616Three periods1. Historical plays & comedies & early tragedies Romeo and Juliet罗密欧与朱丽叶 The Merchant of Venice威尼斯商人; 2. Great tragedies Hamlet哈姆雷特/王子复仇记; Othello奥塞罗; King Lear李尔王; The Tragedy of Macbeth麦克白; Timon of Athens雅典的泰门;； Measure for Measure恶有恶报;
2、3. Tragi-comedies The Tempest暴风风雨; RenaissanceShakespearian sonnet14行诗Not for an age, but for all time. 永垂不朽Quatrain 成组句Couplet 对偶句 2JohnMilton约翰弥尔顿1608-1674(The phases of Miltons life parallel the major historical and political divisions in Stuart Britain. )Three periods:1. Short poems LAllegro欢乐的人
3、; Il Penseroso沉思的人; Comus科马斯;Lycidas列西达斯;2. Pamphlets & tracts Areopagitica论出版自由; The Defense of the English people为英国人民声辩; The Second Defense of the English people再为英国人民声辩;3. poems Paradise Lost失乐园; Paradise Regained复乐园; Samson Agonistes力士参孙FeaturesMiltons poetry and prose reflect 1. deep personal
4、convictions 2. a passion for freedom and self-determination 3. the urgent issues and political turbulence 4. achieved international renown within his lifetime.Special Features1. Rich and complex texture, multiplicity of the classical (Biblical and mythological) references, wealth of ornament and dec
5、oration2. Subjects are magnificent3. The characters are human and believable 4. In the ending, life not death is triumphantInfluenceRomantic poets William Blake and Percy Shelley, who saw Satan as the real hero of the poem and a rebel against the tyranny of Heaven.Winston Churchill 3DanielDefoe丹尼尔迪福
6、1660-17311. The Father of the English Fiction2. first important English novelist 标志着近代英国小说的形成 3. versatile 多产的 FictionRobinson Crusoe鲁宾逊漂流记1719 Captain Singleton辛格尔顿船长1720Moll Flanders摩尔弗兰德斯 1722A Journal of the Plague Year大疫年记事 1722Non-fictionThe Shortest Way with the Dissenters消灭不同教派的捷径 Poems Hymn
7、 to the Pillory枷锁颂wrote in prison. imitated the lyric poem of Greek poet Pindaros(品达罗斯) .The True-Born Englishman地道的英国人1701his first ironic poem & the most successful poem.Artistic features:1. D had a gift for organizing minute detail-both credible and fascinating. 2. His sentences are sometimes sho
8、rt and plain,sometimes long and rambling-an impression of casual narration.3. His language is smooth, easy, and mostly vernacular地方的. everything is common English at its best instead of artificial.3. His novels enjoy a popularity among middle class.Theme1. Sings the praises of labour2. Beautifies th
9、e colonialism3. Reflects the aggressive and brave image of the rising English bourgeoisie4. Belaud the individualism.5. Affirm the power of human, espcially the force of reason4Jonathan Swift斯威夫特1667-1745( a master of satire )Dublin ,Ireland The Battle of Books书的战争; an attack on pedantry(买弄学问) A Tal
10、e of A Tub一个木桶的故事; 1. in the form of a parable2. a satire upon all religious sects an attack on Christianity itself Guillivers Travels格列佛游记 Lilliput 小人国-the Tories(托利党) & the Whigs(辉格党) Brobdingnag 大人国-a satire on English lords and ladies Flying Island 飞岛国-corrupted philosophers & projectors Country
11、 of the Horses 智马国-the conflicts of English society and people A Modest Proposal一个温和的建议 Style: simple, clear, vigorous language;direct and precise prose;a master satirist;deadly irony & powerful satire. Swifts Artistic Features 1. Satire Swift was a man of great moral integrity and social charm. His
12、 satire is usually masked by an outward gravity and an apparent earnestness which renders his satire all the more powerful. 2. Simplicity and Directness Swift is always most unsurpassed in the writing. He defined a good style as “proper words in proper places.”5Henry Fielding亨利菲尔丁1707-1754 （英国现实主义小说
13、的奠基者）JosephAndrews 约瑟安德鲁传-epistolary novel 书信体小说Mr Jonathan Wild the Great大伟人江奈生魏尔德传The History of Tom Jones, a Foundling汤姆琼斯; Amelia阿美利亚Literary Views1.He firmly believed the educational function of literature2.The purpose of the novel was not just to amuse, but to instruct3.“the just copies of hum
14、an manners” (人类态度的完整拷贝）Literary Features1.The first to give the modern novel its structure and style2.Third-person narration “all-knowing God”3.The language is easy and familiar, but quite vivid and vigorous6Robert Burns彭斯1759-1796(the national poet of Scotland 苏格兰民族诗人)Poems in the Scottish Dialect苏格兰方言诗集 Poems: The Tree of Liberty自由村; Scots Wha-Hae苏格兰人; The Two Dog
