《江苏省淮安市新马高级中学2016届高三英语一轮复习提优讲义：阅读理解的做题方法与技巧（一） Word版含答案》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《江苏省淮安市新马高级中学2016届高三英语一轮复习提优讲义：阅读理解的做题方法与技巧（一） Word版含答案（7页珍藏版）》请在金锄头文库上搜索。
1、阅读理解的做题方法与技巧在平时要养成良好的阅读习惯，同时做到精泛读结合，并且注意积累阅读中遇到的词汇。训练中要以限时阅读为主，把握好速度和准确性的关系，特别注意阅读理解的十大命题处的理解（各段首尾句、转折处、条件因果目的处、中文翻译处、特殊标点处、列举比方处、比较对比处、数字处、长难句、“灭绝师太”处）。在做题过程中要逐渐做到：快读文章笼统抓大意；回读文章对应答题。快读文章不仅容易获得文章的主题思想，而且可以减弱生词多对阅读的影响。所谓找对应就是明确文章表达的中心后，带着问题回读文章，找到相关信息（可能是同义替换），通过排除或对比来获得答案。这样既能减少阅读量，又能减轻阅读压力，从而提高阅读的
2、信心和效率。如何做细节理解题？ 方法指导篇1.命题特点 细节理解题针对细节提问，考察学生的跳读能力以及对文章相关内容的理解并进行综合判断、分析的能力。答题依据是文章本身的内容。起常见命题方式有：1)由who,what,which,when,where,why,how many,how much,how long,how soon,how often等引出的问题。2）which of the following is true/mentioned/not true/not mentioned?3)All of the following are true EXCEPT_2.分类及应对技巧1）直接
3、细节理解题 此类题目能直接找到答案，但选项往往与原句相似但并非一模一样，而用不同的词语或句型结构表达相同的意思，有时仅仅是表达方式上面稍作变化。不必通篇细读而应采取“带着问题找答案”的方法。从问题中抓住关键性词语，带着问题去阅读。2）间接细节理解题 此类题目需要对原文信息进行合理的加工处理，然后再进行进一步的推理或鉴别。高考中这种题目占大多数，课通过有关词语和句子的转换，利用主要事实、图表图形来获取信息，然后利用因果、类比、时间、空间等关系将零碎的细节经过一系列加工、整理，做出正确的判断。3）综合细节理解题 此类题目的信息不仅仅是文章的一句话，还可能涉及文章的某一个段落，他们分布再文章的不同地
4、方。可按照题目顺序依次寻读文章内容，理解题目意思，把握好题目要求；也可以先看完文章，然后再做题，从宏观上把握文章的大意；也可将两者结合起来。实战演练篇 AThere are two types of people in the world. Although they have equal degree of health and wealth and other comforts of life，one becomes happy and the other becomes unhappy. This arises from the different ways in which they
5、consider things，persons，events and the resulting effects upon their minds.People who are to be happy fix their attention on the convenience of things：the pleasant parts of conversation，the well prepared dishes，the goodness of the wine and the fine weather.They enjoy all the cheerful things.Those who
6、 are to be unhappy think and speak only of the opposite things.Therefore，they are continually dissatisfied.By their remarks，they sour_the_pleasure_of_society，offend(hurt) many people，and make themselves disagreeable everywhere.If this turn of mind was founded in nature，such unhappy persons would be
7、the more to be pitied.The intention of criticizing and being disliked is perhaps taken up by imitation(模仿)It grows into a habit，unknown to its possessors.The habit may be strong，but it may be cured when those who have it realize its bad effects on their interests and tastes.I hope this little warnin
8、g may be of service to them，and help them change this habit.1People who are unhappy _.Aalways consider things differently from othersBusually are affected by the results of certain things Cusually misunderstand what others think or sayDalways discover the unpleasant side of certain thingsBA child wh
9、o has once been pleased with a tale likes，as a rule，to have it retold in almost the same words，but this should not lead parents to treat printed fairy stories as formal texts.It is always much better to tell a story than read it out of a book，and，if a parent can produce what，in the actual situation
10、of the time and the child，is an improvement on the printed text，so much the better.A charge made against fairy tales is that they harm the child by frightening him or making him sad thinking.To prove the latter，one would have to show in a controlled experiment that children who have read fairy stori
11、es were more often sorry for cruelty than those who had not.As to fears，there are，I think，some cases of children being dangerously terrified by some fairy story.Often，however，this arises from the child having heard the story once.Familiarity with the story by repetition turns the pain of fear into t
12、he pleasure of a fear faced and mastered.There are also people who object to fairy stories on the grounds that they are not objectively true，that giants，witches，twoheaded dragons，magic carpets，etc.do not exist; and that，instead of being fond of the strange side in fairy tales，the child should be tau
13、ght to learn the reality by studying history.I find such people，I must say so peculiar(奇怪的) that I do not know how to argue with them.If their cases were sound，the world should be full of mad men attempting to fly from New York to Philadelphia on a stick or covering a telephone with kisses in the be
14、lief that it was their beloved girlfriend.No fairy story ever declared to be a description of the real world and no clever child has ever believed that it was.2The author considers that a fairy story is more effective when it is _.Arepeated without any changeBtreated as a jokeCmade some changes by t
15、he parentDset in the present3According to the passage，great fear can take place in a child when the story is _.Ain a realistic settingBheard for the first timeCrepeated too oftenDtold in a different way4The advantage claimed(提出) for repeating fairy stories to young children is that it _.Amakes them
16、less fearfulBdevelops their power of memoryCmakes them believe there is nothing to be afraid ofDencourages them not to have strange beliefsCFive years ago，David Smith wore an expensive suit to work every day.“I was a clothes addict，” he jokes.“I used to carry a fresh suit to work with me so I could change if my clothes got wrinkled.” Tod
