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1、 短文改错4步曲后思时态技法一 看动词时态和时间状语是否一致，主从句时态是否合乎语法1.(2018全国卷)During my last winter holiday, I went to the countryside with my father to visit my grandparents. I find a big change there. 解析：findfound根据前一句中的时间状语“During my last winter holiday”可知，本句讲述的是去年寒假的事情，所以此处应用一般过去时，故把find改为found。2(2018全国卷)I didnt realize
2、 how right my parents are until I entered high school. 解析：arewere根据主句的谓语“didnt realize”和until引导的时间状语从句的谓语“entered”可知此处说的是过去的事情，应用一般过去时。3(2018全国卷)It was Monday morning, and the writing class had just begin. 解析：beginbegun根据语境可知，此处是过去完成时，故begin应用过去分词形式。4(2017全国卷)When summer came, they will invite their
3、 students to pick the fresh vegetables！ 解析：camecomes主句为一般将来时，when引导的时间状语从句中要用一般现在时表示将来；summer为可数名词单数，故用comes。5(2017全国卷)I had grown not only physically, but also mentally in the past few years. 解析：hadhave由时间状语in the past few years可知，此处应用现在完成时。6This summer, I attended a journalism-themed summer camp,
4、where I learn a lot. 解析：learnlearned/learnt根据“This summer”和“attended”可知，learn所表示的动作发生在过去，故把learn改为learned或learnt。7When I was in high school, I wanted to get a scholarship to a university.I liked singing, so I try out for a scholarship for music. 解析：trytried根据“was” “wanted” “liked”可知，这里讲述的是当“我”在中学的时候
5、发生的事情，应该用一般过去时。8(2018郑州第一次质量预测)Anyway, after we left Barcelona, we come to spend several days in Granada. 解析：comecame根据“left”可知此处叙述的是过去的事情，应用一般过去时，故将come改为came。9(2018山西八校第一次联考)The Spring Festival is approaching and many students want to go travelling.But I had made up my mind not to go anywhere.The
6、reasons are as follows. 解析：hadhave根据前一句中的“want to”可知，此处应用现在完成时。故把had改为have。10They laughed out happily when they read the short story I write about robots. 解析：writewrote此处讲述的是过去的事情，且根据“laughed out”为一般过去时可知，此处也应用一般过去时。技法二 看并列动词形式是否一致1.(2017全国卷)About one month after this photo was taken, I entered my s
7、econd year of high school and become a new member of the school music club. 解析：becomebecame根据时间状语“About one month after this photo was taken”可知，此句应使用一般过去时，且句中and连接两个并列的成分，前后时态应保持一致，由entered可知应把become改为became。2(2015全国卷)A woman saw him crying and telling him to wait outside the shop. 解析：tellingtold“te
8、lling”和“saw”是并列关系，故时态需要和saw保持一致。3Finally, I work harder than ever and made great progress in my math. 解析：workworked由后面的“made”可知，此处讲述的是过去的事情，故用一般过去时。4(2018河南天一大联考)Seeing this, I was touched and appreciate the kindness he brought to the world. 解析：appreciateappreciated句意：看到这个，我很受感动，对他给世界带来的善良表示感谢。根据“wa
9、s touched”和and可知需要用appreciated。5I step to the front quickly and began to repeat the story with confidence. 解析：stepstepped根据began可知，此处讲述的是过去的事，故此处应用一般过去时。step的过去式是双写词尾的p，然后再加-ed。6(2018惠州第二次调研)In the reply, the school promises to satisfy all his requirements and encouraged him to have a strong belief
10、in life. 解析：promisespromised叙述的是过去的事情，且and 后encourage使用的是一般过去时，故此处用promised。技法三 主谓、动宾要分明，时态、语态勿混用1.(2016全国卷)Every day he makes sure that fresh vegetables and high quality oil are using for cooking. 解析：usingused分析句子结构可知， oil 和use 之间是被动关系， 故应该用被动语态。2(2015全国卷)Lots of studies have been shown that global
11、 warming has already become a very serious problem. 解析：去掉beenstudies与show之间为主动关系，不需要用被动语态。3(2018广州调研)By June the students usually have been found their jobs and then they begin preparing to enter the world of work. 解析：去掉been此处表示：到了六月，学生们通常已经找到了工作。该句主语the students和动词find之间为主动关系，故用主动语态。4(2018昆明检测)I wo
12、uld thank those who encouraged me to experience this kind act.All the cards, candies and clothes donated by them. 解析：donated前加weredonate sth.意为“捐献某物”，分析句子结构可知，该句应用被动语态；讲述发生在过去的事情，应用一般过去时，所以在donated前加were。5I finally realized that something necessary had to done.It was time for a change. 解析：to后加be此处表示
13、：我意识到，必须要做一些必要的事情。不定代词“something”和动词“do”之间为被动关系，表示“被做”，故用被动语态。6(2018广西桂林百色模拟)This will give me a head start on the day.I have also been decided to keep a record of what I do and when I do it. 解析：去掉been此处表示：我还决定记录我做了什么和何时做的。主语“I”和动词“decide”之间为主动关系，故用主动语态。技法四 铭记描述客观事实、客观真理用一般现在时1.(2018太原阶段测评)There are
14、 many different types of Chinese.For example, one type known as Mandarin had almost a billion speakers. 解析：hadhas根据语境可知， 此处描述客观情况，故用一般现在时。2(2018安徽名校联考)Last month, our class climbed Mount Tai, which was more than 1,500 meters above sea level. 解析：wasis此处表示“泰山海拔超过1 500米”，这里陈述的是客观事实，故用一般现在时。牢记动词的时态和语态常考点1.掌握五种基本时态：一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时、现在进行时、现在完成时。2.写准动词三种形式：要写准动词的过去式、过去分词和现在分词形式，重点记牢不规则动词的变化形式。3.动词时态的分析主要从两个角度入手：动作与时间。在解题过程中，要着重分析动作是“正在进行、完成或经常性”，时间是“现在、过去或将来”，由此确定时态。短文改错的首句或相关句也往往起提示作用，应特别注意一些动词的过去式形式：burn (burnt),
