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1、R 九年级上册,Grammar -4c,Unit 5 What are the shirts made of?,重点：一般现在时的被动语态。 难点：过去分词的构成。,单元重难点,New Words,boss Germany surface material traffic postman cap glove,n.老板；上司 德国 n. 表面；表层 n. 材料；原料 n. 交通；路上行驶的车辆 n. 邮递员 n. （尤指有舌尖的）帽子 n.（分手指的）手套,语法突破,【语境领悟】观察下列句子, 思考谓语动词的用法。 I am made to work hard every day. A lett
2、er is written by Bruce every week. Is it produced in this factory? What are they made of? Where are they grown?,知识点再现:被动语态,结构：be +动词的过去分词 意义：强调主语是动作的承受者,何时使用,变化方法,注意事项,进入,进入,进入,进入,各种时态的被动语态结构:,一般现在时态的被动语态结构: am/is/are + vt 过去分词,一般过去时态的被动语态结构: was/ were + vt 过去分词,含有情态动词的被动语态结构: 情态动词+be+ vt 过去分词,变化： 示
3、例,The boy broke the glass.,The glass was broken by the boy.,从主动语态变为被动语态,1.主语 介词by 宾语 2.谓语 加be,并变为过去分词 3.宾语 主语,1.一般可变为被动语态的动词为及物动词 2.be动词可根据人称、时态、数进行变化. 3.不特别强调动作执行者时，by短语(即 by和后面的宾语)一般可以省略,NOTE,注意事项：,何时使用被动语态,不知道或者没必要说明动作执行者是谁,根据上下文，需要强调动作的承受者,可以带宾语的短语动词和及物动词一样可以用于被动语态, 但要注意不可丢掉后面的副词或介词.,说练就练,五种时态变化
4、,特殊情况下的变化1,含有 情态动词,特殊情况下的变化2,实站演练,1.把主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语。,主动语态变被动语态的方法,We often use a recorder in our English class.,宾语,A recorder is often used in our English class （by us）.,主语,We often use a recorder in our English class.,谓语,2.把谓语变成被动结构(be过去分词) 。(根据被动语态句子里的主语的人称和数，以及原来主动语态句子中动词的时态来决定be的形式),A recorder
5、 is often used in our English class （by us）.,一般现在时的被动语态,3.把主动语态中的主语放在介词by之后作宾语，将主格改为宾格, 如主语是人称代词，一般省略。 They make the bikes in the factory.,The bikes are made （by them）in the factory.,The farmers are planting trees. 1. (变为一般现在时态被动语态) 2. (变为一般过去时态被动语态) 3. (变为一般将来时态被动语态),Trees are planted by the farmer
6、s.,Trees were planted by the farmers.,Trees will be planted by the farmers.,4. (变为现在进行时态被动语态) 5. (变为现在完成时态被动语态),Trees are being planted by the farmers.,Trees have been planted by the farmers.,This work may_ today.（finish） Can my bike _ here? (mend) The cars cant _ here.（park ）,含有情态动词的被动语态，情态动词后面的be
7、动词用原形,be finished,be mended,be parked,含有双宾语的句子，主动句中的间接宾语或者直接宾语都可变为被动语态中的一个主语，另一个保留不变。变为主语的若是主动句中的直接宾语在变为间接宾语前则需加介词to或for。 常用双宾语的动词：show/give/offer/send /bring/ lend/teach/buy。,注意事项一：,例如： The teacher gives the pupils some advice.,直接宾语,间接宾语,The pupils are given some advice by the teacher.,Some advice
8、is given to the pupils by the teacher.,宾变主，主变宾，by短语后面跟。 谓语动词变被动，be后“过分”来使用。,感官动词(hear, see, watch, feel, notice等)和使役动词(let ,make have等)在主动语态中后接不带to的动词不定式,但是改为被动语态时, 把to加在动词原形之前.,They made the boys work 12 hours a day. We often see him go for a walk by the river., The boys were made to work 12 hours
9、a day., He is often seen to go for a walk by the river.,注意事项二：,1. The teachers often make us read books in the morning. 2. We noticed him talk with my brother just now. 3. We saw her help Tom when we enter the room. 4. I made him stop while he was doing the work.,练习：把下列句子改为被动语态。,We are often made to
10、 read books in the morning by the teachers.,He was noticed to talk with my brother just now.,She was seen to help Tom when we enter the room.,He was made to stop while he was doing the work.,例如： The teacher gives the pupils some advice.,直接宾语,间接宾语,The pupils are given some advice by the teacher.,Some
11、 advice is given to the pupils by the teacher.,宾变主，主变宾，by短语后面跟。 谓语动词变被动，be后“过分”来使用。,Complete the sentences with the correct forms of the verbs in brackets.,1. Children under 18 _(not allow) to watch this show without their parents. 2. We _(pay) by the boss on the last Friday of each month.,are not a
12、llowed,are paid,3. A: What language _(speak) in Germany？ B: Most people speak German, but many can speak English, too. 4. Most of the earths surface _(cover) by water. 5. The classroom _ (clean) by the students every day.,is spoken,is covered,is cleaned,Rewrite the sentences using the passive voice.
13、,Farmers plant the tea on the sides of mountains. _ 2. This shop uses the best materials to make dresses. _ 3. Careless driving causes many traffic accidents. _,The tea is planted on the sides of mountains by farmers.,The best materials are used to make dresses by this shop.,Many traffic accidents a
14、re caused by careless driving.,4. The postman brings letters and postcards to peoples homes. _ _ 5. Our family does not use this silver plate very often. _,Letters and postcards are brought to peoples homes by the postman.,This silver plate isnt used very often by our family.,Ask five classmates abo
15、ut something they are wearing or have in their schoolbags. The list of words below may help you.,pencil, jacket, sweater, T-shirt, shoes, cap, gloves, ring.,A: Whats your pencil made of? B: Its made of wood. A: Where was it made? B: It was made in Shanghai.,1.- What do you think of the football match yesterday ? - Its surprising. The strongest team _. A. was beaten B. won C. scored D. was f
