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1、 civilization It is generally accepted that the Chinese civilization is one of the oldest in the world. _ 普遍认为中国文明是世界最古老的文明之一. Chinese civilization European civilization world civilization civilize 使开化; 教化; 使文明 civilized 文明的, 开化的; 有教养的, 有礼貌的 Mr. Smith is lecturing on Russian literature. lecture (1)n
2、.演讲，讲课 The famous professor delivered a lecture on how to protect the environment. give/deliver a lecture to sb. on sth. 关于某事进行演讲 have a lecture 听演讲 go to a lecture去听演讲 (2)v.作演讲，讲课 take over George is taking over the running（经营） of our American company. take over take sb. in take sth. in take on tak
3、e off take up take away take out take charge takefor. 接收, 接管 1.欺骗；2.让.进入;接受 1.理解,包括,定阅;2.对.加以考虑 1.承担,接受;呈现 1. 脱下;移去; 2. 起飞 ; 3. 休假 1. 开始从事; 2. 占用;化去 带走,拿走 1. 取出; 2. 扣除;除去 ; 3. 带.出去 负责;掌管 把误认为 一般位于句首， 作状语，用来修饰整个句子。 unfortunately luckily, frankly, obviously, exactly, honestly, generally, certainly, fo
4、rtunately Unfortunately, all the people were buried alive after the volcano erupted. Jean always has her head buried in a book. 简总是埋头读书。 bury burial n 埋葬 将尸体土葬 He was buried in his hometown. 丧失，失去 Shes eighty-five and has buried three husbands. 将某人/某物藏在地下 The house was buried under ten feet of snow.
5、 掩盖，使某物陷于某物之中 be buried in =bury oneself in 埋头于;专心于 1）_ (bury) himself in novel, he didnt notice me coming in. 2) _ (bury) in novel, he didnt notice me coming in. Burying Buried Practice: She buried her face in her hands and wept. _ 她双手掩面哭了起来。 The damaged car can be sold as waste iron . The destroye
6、d car can be sold as waste iron destroy They have destroyed all the evidence. destroy ones hopes, career, reputation 毁掉某人的希望，事业，名誉 destruction 毁灭，破坏 错 对 指彻底毁灭或破坏,以至于不能修复,有时可用于比喻义 The terrible earthquake destroyed the whole city. damage Un 损害,损失 do damage to 对造成损坏 damages赔偿金 She got a lot of damages
7、from the insurance after her husband died. 她丈夫死后她从保险公司得到了很多赔偿金. V 指车辆.房屋.庄稼等事物的受伤或毁坏,但往往可以修复 ruin (n.) An earthquake left the whole town in ruins. fall into ruin 变得破败不堪 (be ）in ruin破坏，成为废墟 the ruins of Rome古罗马遗迹 bring sb to ruin毁灭 come/go to ruin毁灭,崩溃 Vt. The storm ruined the crops.暴风雨把庄稼毁了。 1.All h
8、ouses were _in the flood 2.His house was completely _, so the farmer decided to build a new one. 3.He has _his health through drinking. 4.The building is in_ (3)remaining adj. 剩下的，剩余的 remains n. 遗迹，遗址，遗体 remain (1)vi.停留，留下，剩下 A few flowers still remained on the tree. Much remained to be settled. (2)
9、linking v. 依旧，仍然是（后面可接形容词， 名词，分词和介词短语） 1.The man remained modest and polite after he was elected minister. 2.Mr. Smith became an engineer but his brother remained a worker. 3.We will remain in contact with them. 4.She remained crying after I comforted her. 1.Why dont you put the meat in the fridge?
10、It will _ fresh for several days. A. be stayed B. stay C. be staying D. have stayed B 2.Although he has taken a lot of medicine, his health_ poor. A. proves B. remains C. lasts D. continues Practice: B v.在某物上涂颜料或油漆 paint a house blue 画画描绘 The girl is good at painting landscapes. paint Practice: I wa
11、nt to have the table _(漆成黄色) Why not _ （把门漆成不同的颜色) painted yellow paint the door in different colors enormous An enormous house/amount of time/ money/information 巨大的房子/大量的时间/钱/信息 (1)n.高温，热 This fire doesnt give out much heat heated heat heated激烈的 heatedly 激烈地 (2) v.加热 If _ (加热 ),water can turn into
12、steam. ( ). The horrible noise from the mans room simply_ me mad. A. put B. caused C. drove D. turned C drive (1) 驱赶 I saw some cattle being driven by a man on a horse. (2)迫使某人行动或进入某一状态 drive sb. mad/out of sbs mind 将某人逼疯/使某人丧失理智 (3)n.乘车之行 an hours drive Drive sb to work hard 迫使某人拼命干活 Drive sb into
13、a corner逼得某人走投无路 lets go out for a drive.我们出去开车兜兜风吧 Ill let you borrow it on condition that you lend me your bike in return.我借你也行，但条件是你得把你的 自行车借给我。 condition (1)处境，状况，现状，健康状况(不可数) sth. be in good, poor, excellent condition 处于好的，坏的，极佳的状况 sb. be in excellent condition身体极好 sb. be out of condition身体欠佳 T
14、he ship is in no condition to make a long journey. _此船的现状不适宜远航。 He is in excellent condition for a man of his age. _ 就其年龄而言，他身体极好。 (2)条件(可数) on one condition 有个条件 on condition that只要 in good condition状态良好，身体健康，完好无损 out of condition 身体不适 in no condition to do不适宜做某事 on condition that 条件是，只要 on no cond
15、ition决不 1.He is out of _. 2.What are your housing _ like? 3.I can allow you to play football on one _,you must finish your homework first. condition conditions condition (3)环境，情况（常用复数）（指人们所处的生活，工作。 气候等境况时，是可数名词，且多用复数） under existing conditions在现有的情况下 housing/living conditions住房条件 discover vt.发现，发觉 Who discovered the new continent? uncover vt.揭开，揭露 He uncovered the scandal.他揭露那件丑闻。 P
