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1、王海峰原创免费资源。 未经授权，禁止用于任何以营利为目的的商业出版活动。 67 B6 Unit 3 A Healthy Life How To Prevent Heart AttacksHow To Prevent Heart Attacks Studies on the prevention of heart attacks is a top urgent task for many research projects worldwide because heart disease is still the leading cause of death about 30% of deaths
2、 all over the world despite great progress being made in the medical field.(1) According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) in the United States, the commonest of heart disease, coronary ( 冠 状 的 ) heart disease, accounted for 71% of the deaths caused by heart disease in the US i
3、n 2002. When fatty deposits along the walls of the blood vessels (管子) that lead to the heart, the blood vessels narrow down to cause coronary heart disease. These deposits can become so thick in a coronary artery (动脉) that they stop the flow of oxygen-rich blood to the heart muscle, blood begins to
4、clot in the surrounding areas and a heart attack results. Such an attack can result in the patients disability or death. Modern living, mainly driven by market forces, that makes sure people always “want” something is undeniably stressful. Life gets complicated by the day because of constantly shift
5、ing affairs that lead to changing lifestyles. Finally, good lifestyle principles such as healthy snacking; regular working, eating and sleeping hours, and good and clean habits seem old-fashioned and obsolete. For example, upsetting the body clock by irregular eating and sleeping habits due to diffe
6、ring work shifts or unsteady lifestyles will surely lead to stress and fuel premature heart attacks. Smoking increases blood pressure and causes the narrowing of blood vessels. The 王海峰原创免费资源。 未经授权，禁止用于任何以营利为目的的商业出版活动。 68 compounds present in tobacco which are likely to lead to cancer can cause damag
7、e to the artery walls and the carbon monoxide (一氧化物) from burning tobacco pollutes the oxygen-bearing blood to the heart. (2) Kicking the butt is of utmost importance in any program that aims to prevent a heart attack. Earlier there were studies showing single men are more likely to suffer from hear
8、t attacks, probably because married men shared the emotional burden of life with a supportive wife. (3) Now with more women opting to work outside home, men are faced with problems such as strict deadlines, self-awareness clashes and bad tempers at home and at work places. These trigger factors rais
9、e the risk of a heart attack. A Harvard Heart Letter puts psychosocial factors on the same level with smoking, obesity, high blood pressure and high cholesterol (胆固醇) levels in terms of contributing to heart attacks. How a person thinks, feels, and behaves can impact the heart for better or for wors
10、e. Depression, loneliness, stress, a negative attitude to life and other psychosocial factors not only affect a persons mood but also worsen heart disease and can generate a sudden cardiac arrest. Though there is no scientific evidence that directly relates emotional stress to heart disease, there a
11、re studies that show people who are stressed for long out at office or at home may turn to smoking, overeating and neglect regular exercise, leading to an accumulation of cholesterol that can worsen a heart condition. (4) Research has shown that people living under stress related to work overload, f
12、rustration, anxiety and relationship problems are likely to take in a higher level of sugars, highly processed foods and caffeine that can increase the stress factor and lead to burn out and finally, a heart attack. (5) 王海峰原创免费资源。 未经授权，禁止用于任何以营利为目的的商业出版活动。 69 Heart attack is now no longer a male pri
13、vilege. Examples of women and youngsters dying from heart attacks are increasing by the day all over the world. Though most doctors consider chest pain as the most important heart attack symptom in both men and women, a recent study by the National Institutes of Health (NIH) in the US indicates that
14、 women heart attack symptoms are different. (6) Signs of an oncoming sudden heart attack can occur much in advance (sometimes a month or even earlier than the actual heart attack). Of the 515 women studied, 95% experienced new or different symptoms a month ahead of the heart attack 70.6% reported un
15、usual tired 47.8% had sleep disturbances 42.1% had shortness of breath Less than 30% had chest pain or discomfort before their heart attacks 43% said they did not have chest pain during any phase of the attack The study, one of the first to investigate women heart attack symptoms, observed that it i
16、s urgent not to miss the earliest opportunity in detecting and preventing heart attack, which is the leading cause of death in the advanced world. (7) Though heart diseases can be treated and managed effectively with modern medicines, prevention is the best strategy to live a life free from the threat of heart attacks. Making small lifestyle changes such as opting to use the stairs
