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1、太原理工大学 硕士学位论文 智能万用表芯片的分析研究及应用设计 姓名：王宗侠 申请学位级别：硕士 专业：计算机应用技术 指导教师：常晓明 20100501 太原理工大学硕士研究生学位论文 I 智能万用表芯片的分析研究及应用设计 摘 要 智能万用表是带微处理器或单片机的高档数字仪表，它是硬件、软件 相结合，软件决定仪器智能高低的新型仪表。其主要优点是准确度高、功 能强，具有自动校准、自动测量、自动数据处理等功能，可通过 RS-232 或 IEEE-488 标准接口与计算机相连，实现自动测试及实时控制功能。可在现 场或实验室使用，也可嵌入测控系统中使用。 本课题的研究对象为专用智能万用表芯片 FS
2、9704，其内部核心部件是 高分辨率-ADC，它配合其他功能网络完成测量功能。同时，FS9704 还具有微处理器接口， 可以通过接口总线与微处理器进行连接， 控制 FS9704 的动作。 FS9704 应用系统主要由以下模块组成：测量模块、微控制器模块、存 储模块、 显示模块、 通讯模块、 电源模块。 采用混合信号微控制器 C8051F020 作为控制部件，实现对测量模块的控制，存储模块的读写，显示模块的显 示，与上位机的通讯等功能。本文主要进行了以下研究工作： 一方面，以智能万用表的基本组成和一般工作原理为切入点，研究了 FS9704 芯片的内部结构，剖析了其工作原理。 首先，分析了 FS9
3、704 内部模数转换器的结构和工作原理，讨论了其传 输特性，得到了模数转换器输出等效电压的转换算法。 然后，分析了 FS9704 的内部功能网络，说明了功能解码器、复用器和 太原理工大学硕士研究生学位论文 II 预滤波器、运算放大器和比较器等部分的工作原理，着重研究了毫伏电压 档下的 FS9704 功能网络图。 接着，介绍了 FS9704 的微处理器接口，说明了其内部控制寄存器的读 写方法，并对其中断机制和测量寄存器功能进行了研究。 最后，分析了 FS9704 的电源系统工作原理。 另一方面，主要对智能万用表芯片应用系统的设计思路和实现方法进 行说明。 首先，对应用系统进行了功能模块划分，将其
4、分为了测量模块、微控 制器模块、存储模块、显示模块、通讯模块和电源模块五部分。 然后，介绍了各模块的设计和实现方法，着重就其中的核心技术问题 进行了讨论。测量模块主要完成待测信号的调理和模数转换，整个过程在 微处理器的控制下完成。微处理器通过控制接口、按照一定的控制时序实 现对 FS9704 的控制。控制过程中所需的一些配置信息可通过 SPI 接口从外 部 FLASH 存储器读取，所需记录的数据也可写入该存储器中。测量得到的 结果可以驱动液晶显示模块进行显示。此外，使用通讯模块，上位机可以 方便地与单片机进行通讯，监控测量过程，存储、显示测量数据。 最后，对各功能模块进行了软硬件集成设计，完善
5、了系统功能，并对 完善后的系统进行了综合测试，结果表明，该应用系统可以实现直流毫伏 电压的测量，其测量准确度达到了国家相关标准的要求。 关键字：智能仪器，智能万用表，数字万用表模拟前端，FS9704，C8051F， LabVIEW 太原理工大学硕士研究生学位论文 III ANALYSIS AND APPLIED DESIGN OF INTELLIGENT MULTIMETER CHIP ABSTRACT Intelligent multimeter is a kind of high-quality digital meter with microprocessor or microcontr
6、oller, which is a new-type instrument of hardware and software integration, and software determining the level of the smart meter equipment. Its main advantage is high accuracy, strong functions, with automatic calibration, automatic measurement, and automatic data processing capabilities. It is ava
7、ilable through RS-232 or IEEE-488 standard interface connected with a computer to complete automatic testing and real-time control. It can be used in the field or laboratory, and can also be embedded in measurement and control system. Study object of this topic is the special multimeter chip FS9704,
8、 whose internal core component is a high-resolution - ADC that completes measurement functions with other function networks. Meanwhile, FS9704 has the microprocessor interface, and can connect with the microprocessor through interface bus to control FS9704 action. This system is mainly composed of m
9、easurement module, microcontroller module, memory module, display module, communication module, and power module. Mixed-signal microcontroller, C8051F020, is as the control unit to 太原理工大学硕士研究生学位论文 IV achieve control of the measurement module, read-write memory modules, display of display module, com
10、munication with PC and other functions. Main research work of this paper is outlined an following: On the one hand, the FS9704 chips internal structure is studied, and its working principle is analyzed from basic composition and the general working principle of intelligent digital multimeter Firstly
11、, the structure and working principle of FS9704s internal ADC are illuminated, and d its transmission characteristics are discussed, and the conversion algorithm of the ADC output voltage equivalent value is also introduced here. Secondly, FS9704s internal function network is analyzed, and the worki
12、ng principles of functional decoder, multiplexer and pre-filters, operational amplifiers and comparators and some other components are indicated. This part focuses on the function network diagram under mV voltage mode of FS9704. Then, FS9704s microprocessor interface is introduced, and read and writ
13、e methods of its internal control register are indicated, and its interrupt mechanism and the functions of its measurement registers were studied. Finally, the working principle of FS9704s power system is analyzed. On the other hand, the design ideas and implement methods of each functional module i
14、n multimeter chip application system are mainly explained. First, the application system is divided into five function modules: the measurement module, microcontroller module, memory module, display module, 太原理工大学硕士研究生学位论文 V communication module and power module. Then, the design and implementation
15、methods of each module are introduced, focusing on core technical issues. Measurement module mainly completes the signal under test conditioning and analog-digital conversion, which is controlled by the microprocessor. Microprocessor via the control interface, according to some control timing sequen
16、ce achieves control over FS9704. It is available reading some configuration information required by control process from external FLASH memory through SPI interface and writing data records in the memory. The measured results can be displayed on liquid crystal display module. In addition, using communication module, the PC can easily communicate with the microcontroller to monitor the measurement
