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1、 Unit one Grammar 英语课件 制作：张兆有 现在完成时的主要用法 一.表示从过去某一时刻开始并一直延续到现在的动作 或事情,但动作或事情现在已经结束。 eg：1. Someone has just turned off the light. 有人刚把灯关了。 2. I have already finished my homework. 我已经完成了家作。 二.表示从过去某一时刻开始并一直延续到现在的动作 或事情,但动作或事情可能仍在继续。 eg：1. I want to see how much the place changed since I saw it last. 我
2、想看看从上次见到那地方以来它发生了多大变化。 2. I have learnt English for more than ten years. 我已经学了10多年的英语。 三.表示人曾有过或到目前为止从未有过的经历. eg：1. Have you ever been to the Summar Palace? 你曾去过颐和园吗? 2. I have never had a car. 我从未有过汽车。 四.现在完成时还常与句型 This is the first time，Its the first time 连用。 eg：1.This is the first time he has dri
3、ven a car . 这是他第一次开车。 五.现在完成时和最高级连用表示到现在为止是最的 。 What a boring film！ Its the most boring film Ive ever seen. 现在完成时除了上述主要用法之外，还有一些其它用 法，在此不一一讲解，请学生自已学习、掌握。 一部多么令人厌烦的电影啊！ 这是我看过的最令人厌烦的电影。 Unit two Grammar 现在完成时与一般过去时的区别 第一单元已讲解了现在完成时，在第一册 中也已讲解了一般过去时的主要用法。现 将这两种时态的用法加以区别，以便使学 生更好地掌握，区别两者的不同用法。 一.现在完成时和一
4、般过去时都是 说过去的事情，但现在完成时注意 的不是事情本身，而是强调事情与 现在保持的某种密切联系（如现在 的结果，影响,一直延续到现在等 ）;而一般过去时，则只表示发生 在过去的动作和事情与现在没有关 系。 eg：1. He has bought an English-Chinese dictionary. 他已经买了一本英汉字典。 eg：2. He bought an English-Chinese dictionary. 他曾买过一本英汉字典。 第一句用现在完成时时态，意为：“He bought an English-Chinese dictionary. And he still h
5、as it” “过去他买了 一本英汉字典，现在他还有这本字典” 。 第二句用过去时只叙述过去他买过一本英汉字典这一 事实，至于现在他是否有这本字典并未强调说明。 二当有一个表示过去某一特定时间的状语时，不 用现在完成时，而用一般过去时: eg：1. I saw the film on television yesterday . 但since(自以来)+某一过去时间或叙述过去事情的 从句总是与现在完成时连用。 eg：1. They have known each other since 1950 . 2. Since he was a child,he has lived in England
6、. 三常与一般过去时连用的典型的表示过去时间的状语 yesterday(昨天),the other day (前两天),just now(刚才)， 时间+ ago,last +时间 ; etc; eg: 1. The plane took off ten minutes ago 飞机十分钟前起飞了。 eg: 2. We finished our task last week . 我们上周完成了我们的任务。 四常与现在完成时连用的表示到现在为止这段 时间的词短语或从句: so far (到现在为止)，hither to (到如今) up to (till,until)now直到现在，lately
7、（最近）yet ,since+过去时间或叙述过去事情的从句。 eg：1. The weather has been hot so far this summer 到目前为止，今夏天气一直很热。 2. I havent seen her yet . 我还未见到过她。 五可与现在完成时连用，也可与一般过去时连用 的时间状语： for +时间 ，this +时间 表示不确定时间： ever,never,before,just,recently,already eg: 1. I have learnt English for three years. 我学英语（到现在）三年了（仍在学）。 2. I l
8、earnt English for three years. 我学了三年英语（现在不学了）。 3. I have written two letters this morning 今天上午我写了两封信，(说话时仍是上午)。 4. I wrote two letters this morning . 今天上午我写了两封信，（下午或晚上说的）。 注：表示不确定时间的状语，在句中无其它特定的过 去时间状语时，或无表示过去动作的从句时常与现在 完成时连用。 eg: 1. I have not written to my parents recently. 我最近一直未给父母写信。 2. I have
9、met him many times before. 我以前见过他多次。 Unit three Part A:Grammar 现在完成进行时的主要用法 表示一个持续了一段时间，刚刚结束或仍在继续进行的 动作。与现在完成时有所有同的是现在完成进行时强调 动作本身或动作的持续性、持久性。 eg：1. Weve been looking for you everywhere.where have you been? 我们一直在到处找你，你上哪儿去了？ 2. What have you been doing? 你一直在做什么？ 3. Ive been writing a laboratory repo
10、rt. 我一直在写实验报告。 PART B:EXERCISES 一.Find the choice that best compete each of the following sentences: 1.When I was at school,I_to the library every day. A.go B.was going C.have gone D.went 2.The new books_yet. A.havent arrived B.hast arrived C.didnt arrive D.dont arrive 3._you ever_to shanghai. A.Hav
11、ent arrived B.Hasnt arrived C.Didnt arrived D.Havebeen 4.He_his lunch. A.had B.have had C.has had D.ate 5.For years,doctors_millions of patients lives with the help of microscopes. A.saved B.have saved C.has saved D.were saving 6.I was so happy to see John again last Sunday ,We _ each other for more
12、 than two years. A.havent seen B.hadnt seen C.didnt see D.hasnt seen 7.We _three lessons this month. A.have learned B.learned C.has learned D.were having 8.I_to Paris several times. A.went B.have gone C.have been D.was going 9.Alice has lived in china for ten years,so she _the life here. A.used to B
13、.get used to C.be used to D.has got used to 10.My uncle _in this city since 1980. A.lives B.have lived C.has lived D.lived 11.By now old Wang _in that factory for twenty years. A.have worked B.worked C.works D.has worked 12.Christianity has become a worldwide religion since it _almost two years ago.
14、 A.has begin B.begins C.began D.begin 13.Shakespeare _many plays such as Hamlet,and Romeo And Juliet. A.writes B.have written C.wrote D.has written 14.When we lived in phoenix we _at Arizona State university. A.studied B.have studied C.study D.were studying 15.I wrote to my parents three month ago but I_to my parents lately. A.havent written B.dont write C.didnt write D.will not write 16.Li Ming _to Shanghai.He will be back next month. A.went
