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1、华中科技大学 博士学位论文 基于模型驱动的制造企业应用集成方法研究 姓名：周红桥 申请学位级别：博士 专业：机械工程 指导教师：陈卓宁；张金；严晓光 2010-09 华华 中中 科科 技技 大大 学学 博博 士士 学学 位位 论论 文文 I 摘摘 要要 当前制造企业面临着快速变化的市场环境和多样化的客户需求， 为了应对这些情 况，作为制造企业信息基础设施的应用集成系统应具备快速响应业务需求变化的能 力， 即能够随业务需求进行快速定制和开发。 然而业务模型与软件模型的较大差异性， 业务逻辑与实现技术的紧密耦合性，给应用集成系统的实现带来了巨大挑战。本文针 对上述问题，采用模型驱动思想，对制造企业
2、应用集成系统在运行期的模型驱动定制 方法以及在开发期的模型驱动开发方法进行深入的研究和实践。 本文的工作主要集中 在以下几个方面： （1） 研究了制造企业应用集成的若干关键技术， 为应用集成系统的模型驱动方法 提供了领域知识。提出了一种基于业务模型总线的集成框架，以过程、产品、资源和组 织模型为核心支持面向业务人员的模型驱动定制方法。 集成框架通过基于 STEP 和 XML 的产品数据交换方式实现数据集成， 采用数据库统一接口和应用系统统一接口为开发人 员提供一致的数据操作接口，从而提高开发效率；以 COM 和 Web Services 混合通信架 构支持本机、本地及远程应用之间的高效功能集成
3、；提出了一种界面自动化驱动技术， 拓展了基于二次开发接口的界面集成方法；以 PDM 及企业信息门户中的工作流管理工 具高效和灵活地实现企业内和企业间的过程集成。 （2） 研究了支持制造企业应用集成系统模型驱动定制方法的业务建模技术。 分析 了相应的业务模型需求；在 CIMOSA 企业建模方法的基础上建立了面向应用集成系统 定制的业务建模体系，其核心是视图维上表达应用集成需求的过程、产品、资源和组织 模型；在上述业务模型需求和建模体系的基础上构建了基于元对象设施（Meta Object Facility, MOF）规范的建模框架，以 MOF 元元模型来统一定义业务各个视图的元模型， 保证了各个视
4、图在语义上的一致性；以 XML 作为业务模型的数字化表达和存储方式， 方便应用集成系统解析业务模型并据此对相应的软件模型进行定制。 （3） 研究了制造企业应用集成系统的模型驱动开发方法。 提出了一种适应当前应 用集成系统开发技术现状并支持模型驱动开发方法的软件开发过程， 即宏观上基于构件 开发方法，微观上基于模型驱动开发方法；在此基础上，探讨了模型驱动开发方法在系 统需求、界面和 Web 服务设计过程中的关键技术。 上述研究成果已在上海锅炉厂有限公司 PLM 项目中得到了应用。论文介绍了模 型驱动的应用集成方法在锅炉行业信息化中的应用实例和效果， 为面向电站锅炉行业 华华 中中 科科 技技 大
5、大 学学 博博 士士 学学 位位 论论 文文 II 的可定制 PLM 系统开发打下了坚实基础。 关键词关键词：制造企业应用集成，企业模型，元对象设施，业务模型驱动，模型驱动开发， 应用集成平台 华华 中中 科科 技技 大大 学学 博博 士士 学学 位位 论论 文文 III Abstract Nowadays, manufacturing enterprises face challenges in the rapidly changing market and the various customer needs. In order to address these situations, i
6、ntegrated application systems as the basis of the enterprise information infrastructure should be capable of responding quickly to changing business requirements, that is, they can be customized and developed fastly according to business requirements. However, there is a vast chasm between business
7、models and software models, and a tight coupling between business logic and implementation technology, both of which bring big challenges to implement integrated application systems. In this dissertation, we focus on the above-mentioned problems, and deeply expore the theory and practice of model dr
8、iven approaches for integrated application systems, including model driven customization (MDC) during runtime and model driven development (MDD) during design. The main efforts and contributions are as follows: (1) Some key technologies of manufacturing enterprise application integration have been r
9、esearched, which provide domain knowledge for the presented model driven approaches. An integration framework based on business model bus is proposed, which supports businessman-oriented MDC through process, product, resource and organization models. In the framework, data integration is implemented
10、 through product data sharing and exchange using STEP and XML, and in addition, unified database and application interfaces are designed to provide programmers with uniform data manipulation interfaces so as to improve development efficiency. In order to implement effective functional integration am
11、ong home, local and remote applications, a hybrid communication architecture based on COM and Web Services is used. As for user interface (UI) integration, a UI automation driven approach is presented to expand the capability of the traditional API-based method. At last, the workflow management tool
12、s of PDM and information portal are used to effectively and flexibly implement the intra-enterprise and inter-enterprise process integration, respectively. (2) The business modeling techniques that supporting MDC for integrated application systems have been investigated. Firstly, the business model
13、requiremnts needed by MDC are analysed. Secondly, a business modeling architecture based on CIMOSA is built, which is oriented towards the customization of integrated application systems. The core layer of this architecture consists of four views - process, product, resource and organization views,
14、which describe the integration needs of integrated application systems. Based on the aforementioned requirements and architecture, a 华华 中中 科科 技技 大大 学学 博博 士士 学学 位位 论论 文文 IV business modeling framework based on Meta Object Facility (MOF) specification is presented. In this framework, MOF meta-metamode
15、l is used to unifiedly define the four business views metamodel so as to ensure semantic consistency. Furthurmore, XML is adopted to store and express business models in order to facilitate interpretation of them and then to cutomize the appropriate software models. (3) The MDD approach for integrat
16、ed application systems has been discussed. A software development process is put forward, which is suited for current developing technologies in integrated application systems and supports MDD. The process employes component based development at the macro level and MDD at the micro level. Based on this, the key technologies of system requirements, UI and Web Services design are explored. The research achievements have been applied to the PLM project of Shanghai Boi
