《基于速度补偿算法的激光测速传感器的设计与实现》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《基于速度补偿算法的激光测速传感器的设计与实现（74页珍藏版）》请在金锄头文库上搜索。
1、太原理工大学 硕士学位论文 基于速度补偿算法的激光测速传感器的设计与实现 姓名：张以诚 申请学位级别：硕士 专业： 指导教师：李丽宏 太原理工大学硕士研究生学位论文 I 基于速度补偿算法的激光测速传感器的设计与实现 摘 要 随着交通运输业的飞速发展，汽车超载现象也日益严重。目前，我国 道路运输车辆超载现象极为普遍，在严重地区，几乎所有的货运车辆都存 在不同程度的超载行为。车辆超限超载运输对交通安全、运输市场、车辆 生产秩序及路桥基础设施造成了极大危害。有效的抑制超限超载的重要手 段就是实现对车辆的计重收费，而计重收费的关键技术就是车辆的动态称 重。因此研究汽车动态称重技术不仅有较高的学术价值，
2、而且具有较大的 社会价值和经济价值。汽车动态称重系统为超限运输治理工作提供了相当 大的便利，但其测量精度一直是值得研究的课题。 本文主要的研究工作就是提出了一种提高动态称重系统测量精度的速 度补偿算法，并且按照此算法设计了一种与动态称重系统配合使用的测速 传感器，它的主要作用是为动态称重系统提供车辆速度和速度补偿值，并 以此来提高整个系统的测量精度。该测速传感器应用了光幕原理和单片机 控制技术， 它的外部感应装置主要采用了由激光发射接收部件组成的光幕， 控制电路部分使用了技术成熟的 AT89S52 芯片。 本文首先对动态称重技术的应用和发展现状做了简单的介绍，以此说 明提高动态称重精度的重大意
3、义和作用，引出了本课题的理论研究背景和 现实选题意义。 其次分析和提出了能够提高动态称重精度的速度补偿算法，并以此算 太原理工大学硕士研究生学位论文 II 法为理论依据设计了与动态称重系统配合使用的汽车激光测速传感器，详 细介绍了该测速传感器的工作原理和功能结构。 接下来根据实际需求设计制作了硬件电路，其中包括发射模块、接收 模块、单片机外围控制模块、数据显示和通信模块五个部分，对测速系统 硬件电路中各部分功能进行了详细的叙述，并说明了它们在该硬件电路中 的工作原理和性能参数。最后对设计的测速传感器进行了系统的测试和分 析。 从目前对试验结果的分析来看，本文所提出的算法和设计的汽车测速 传感器
4、基本达到了设计需求。当然，汽车动态称重系统涉及到多方面、多 学科的知识，目前的研究工作还有许多困难，离完全的商业化应用有较大 差距，但是相信该汽车测速传感器的研究还具有更广阔的前景。 关键字:汽车测速，速度补偿算法，激光光幕，单片机，传感器 太原理工大学硕士研究生学位论文 III THE DESIGN AND DEVICES OF LASER ELOCMETER BASED ON COMPENSATIVE ALGORITHM OF SPEED ABSTRACT With the rapid development of transportation, automotive overloadin
5、g is becoming more and more serious. At present, our countrys road transport vehicle overloading is extremely widespread .In the serious areas, almost all freight vehicles have varying degrees of overloading. Overloading of vehicles is harmful to traffic safety, transportation, vehicle production or
6、der and road and bridge infrastructure. It is an important means for effective suppression of vehicles overloading to carry out weight charges, key technology of which is the dynamic weighing of vehicles. The study on dynamic weighing technology is highly valuable not only on academic, but also grea
7、ter on society and economy. Dynamic weighing technology provides much convenience in transfinite transport management system, but the measurement accuracy of which has been a subject worthy of study. In this paper, the study is to pose a compensative algorithm of speed for advancing the precision of
8、 dynamic weighing system, and to design a Speed Sensor, which supports the Dynamic weighing system and improve measurement accuracy of it .Its main role is to provide the instantaneous of 太原理工大学硕士研究生学位论文 IV vehicles through the weighing device for dynamic weighing system, and increase the measuremen
9、t accuracy of the entire system using this velocity as the speed compensation of weighing algorithm. The Speed sensor makes use of the principles of the light curtain and MCU controlling technology, which mainly uses light curtain By the composition of the laser emitter and receiver components on ex
10、ternal sensor device and the chip AT89S52 on control circuit part. This article first gives a brief introduction about technology application and development of Dynamic weighing, and shows the significance and role to improve the accuracy of dynamic weighing. Then that leads to the Speed Sensor theo
11、retical research background and practical topics significance. Followed by presentation and analysis of the current speed Detection and compensative algorithm of speed, this article leads to the theoretical background and design ideas of automobile velocimetry sensors designed in this paper after co
12、mparison, and introduces working principle, hardware and functional structure of this car Speed Sensor. Then according to the actual needs, the hardware circuit is designed, including five parts: the transmitter module, receiver module, single-chip peripheral control module, data display and communi
13、cation module. Then the paper introduced the functions of various hardware circuit parts in the system, as well as described the working principle and performance parameters of the hardware circuit. Finally, we test and analysis the designed device. 太原理工大学硕士研究生学位论文 V From the current testing results
14、, vehicle Speed sensor designed in this article meets the basic design needs. Of course, the vehicle dynamic weighing system involves many aspects, multi-disciplinary knowledge. There are many difficulties at the present study, and a wide gap from the full application of the commercialization .But I believe that the vehicle speed sensor also have a light prospect. KEY WORDS: speed measuring, compensative algorithm of speed, laser light curtain, MCU, sensor 太原理工大学硕士研究生学位论文 IX 图表索引 图 2-1 振动曲线图.10 图 2-2 汽车加速时的受力分析.11 图 2-3 汽车轴载分析图.12 图 2-3 模型受力分析图.15 图 2-4 系统组成模
