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1、新疆农业大学 硕士学位论文 几种药用芳香植物组织培养快速繁殖的研究 姓名：沙红 申请学位级别：硕士 专业：果树学 指导教师：廖康 20040601 摘 要 以洋甘菊留兰香薰衣草药用鼠尾草牛至百里香这些有较高药用价 值的芳香植物为试材探讨了这 6 种芳香植物离体培养过程中基本培养基 植物 激素对外植体生长发育增殖和生根的影响筛选出适合每种植物增殖和生根的 培养基进行快速繁殖建立了无菌试管苗体系 基本培养基 MS 适合于洋甘菊留兰香薰衣草牛至MS 培养基比改良 MS 培养基更有利于百里香的生长药用鼠尾草苗较小仅两片叶几乎无茎杆 时 Nitsch 培养基比 MS 培养基更有利于外植体的生长 药用鼠尾
2、草苗较大 四片 叶时 MS 培养基比 Nitsch 培养基更有利于外植体的后期生长 洋甘菊最适增殖培养基为 MS+BA0.2mg/L+IBA0.06mg/L洋甘菊易生根 加有 NAA 0.1-1.5mg/L 或 IBA(0.1-1.5mg/L)的 MS 培养基中都可以诱导出大量 的根组培苗移栽易成活在 BA 和 IBA 的组合对幼茎加粗有影响 留兰香的最佳增殖培养基 MS+BA00.1mg/L+IBA00.04mg/L接种在加有 NAA(02mg/L)的 MS 培养基上茎上可长出大量的气生根而培养基内部的生 根数量则相对较少从生根率生根数及苗的生长综合考虑留兰香生根培养基 中 NAA的浓度为0
3、.10.5mg/L较理想 留兰香的幼茎用NAA浸泡处理2小时后 可在瓶外扦插生根繁殖扦插在珍珠岩+园土11中生根良好 薰衣草的最佳增殖培养基为 MS+BA1.0mg/LBA 对薰衣草嫩茎增殖有极显 著影响而 BAIBA 交互作用对薰衣草嫩茎增殖影响不显著薰衣草的最佳生 根培养基为 MS+IBA0.5mg/L 牛至的最佳增殖培养基为 MS+2.0mg/LBA+IBA0.02mg/L牛至易生根试 验结果表明 NAAIBAIAA 三种激素处理后生根率多在 90%以上牛至的根 形成后易老化褐化在炼苗移栽时应注意选择适宜的时间不宜太晚 药用鼠尾草的最佳增殖培养基 MS+BA0.8mg/LBA 对药用鼠尾
4、草平均嫩芽 增殖有极显著的影响最佳生根培养基 1/2MS+IBA0.8mg/L+蔗糖 20g 百里香的最佳增殖培养基 MS+BA1.5mg/L+IBA0.08mg/L平均增殖倍数 4.24最佳生根培养基以 1/2MS 培养基为基本培养基附加 0.5mg/L IBA2 % 蔗 糖浓度生根率可达 100% 关键词洋甘菊留兰香薰衣草药用鼠尾草牛至百里香组织培养 Study on Micropropagation Technique of Plant Tissue Culture of Several Medicinal Aromatic Plants Sha Hong (Pomology) Supe
5、rvised by liao kang Abstract The materials of medicinal aromatic plants Chamomilla recutita L, Mentha spicata L, Lavandula angustifolia Mill, Origanum vulgare L, Salavia officinalis L and Thymus serpyllum L.var.mongolicus Ronn were used to establish the in vitro plant and develop a feasible and prac
6、ticable system of, to study the effect of some phytohormones on growth, development and proliferation in vitro, to choose the suitable media of the six plants. Multiple shoots were produced from the base of buds after the establishment of the culture. Regard to Chamomilla recutita L, Mentha spicata
7、L, Lavandula angustifolia Mill, Origanum vulgare L MS basal media is suit, but infancy Origanum vulgare L grew better on Nitsch medium than MS medium. To Thymus serpyllum L.var.mongolicus Ronn of growth, MS medium is better than amend MS medium. Regard to Chamomilla recutita L, multiplication and gr
8、owth of shoots were optimum with MS+ BA0.2mg/L+IBA0.06mg/L. MS medium with NAA(0.11.5mg/L) or IBA(0.1-1.5mg/L) can induced lots of roots, the survival rate after transplantation was higher. cuttings were stronger on MS medium with BAIBA than MS media with BA or MS media with IBA. Regard to Mentha sp
9、icata L, multiplication and growth of shoots were optimum with MS+BA00.1mg/L+IBA00.04mg/L. plant of regene ration are easy to root. The ratio of rooting can reach 100% in MS+ NAA(0.10.5mg/L).And plants produce many aerial roots. And cuttage of Mentha spicata L out of bottles were studied . Regard to
10、 Lavandula angustifolia Mill, the optimum propagation medium is MS+BA1.0mg/L; the optium-rooting medium is MS+IBA0.5mg/L. The survival rate after transplantation was not high. Growth of stem-tip is better than stem. Regard to Origanum vulgare L, shoot-tips as explants, the optimum propagation medium
11、 is MS+2.0mg/LBA+IBA0.02mg/L. The ratio of rooting can reach 100% in MS and 1/2MS media, but a number of roots are thinner and fewer, and do not survive after transplant. So it is necessary that hormone should be added in medium. Regard to Salavia officinalis L, the optimum propagation medium is MS+
12、BA0.8mg/L.The effect of BA,IBA on bud multiplication is significant. The best rooting medium is optimum with 1/2MS+IBA0.8mg/L+ sucrose 20g/L. Regard to Thymus serpyllum L, the optimum propagation medium is MS+BA1.5mg/L+IBA0.08mg/L, the optimum-rooting medium is 1/2MS+IBA0.5mg/L+ sucrose 20g/L.The ra
13、tio of rooting can reach 100%. Key words: Chamomilla recutita LMentha spicata L Lavandula angustifolia MillOriganum vulgare L Salavia officinalis L Thymus serpyllum L Micro propagation 致 谢 本论文是在导师廖康教授悉心指导下完成的,在整个试验期间 导师倾注了大量的心血和汗水导师严谨治学忘我工作的精神使我 受益非浅在此表示衷心的感谢 在论文的试验过程中得到园艺学院袁海英老师杨文英老师 帕提曼老师的帮助,在此表示最
14、诚挚的谢意 同时还要感谢 2001 级研究生潘俨2002 级研究生刘立强买 合木提及园艺 002 张红红等同学感谢他们在我三年的试验学习 和生活中给与的关怀帮助和鼓励 最后谢谢我的家人是他们的关心和支持使我能全身心投入到 试验和学习中去 缩略语表 IAA Indole-3 acetic acid 吲哚 3-乙酸 IBA 4-(3-Indolyl)-butyric acid 4-3-吲哚丁酸 GA Gibberellin 赤霉酸 6-BA 6-Benzyl amino purine 6-卞氨基嘌呤 NAA 1-Naphthylacetic acid 1-萘乙酸 MS Murashige and
15、Skoog MS 基本培养基 Nitsch Nitsch Nitsch 基本培养基 AC activated charcoal 活性炭 几种药用芳香植物组织培养快速繁殖的研究 1 引 言 洋甘菊Chamomilla recutita L属于菊科植物留兰香Mentha spicata L薰衣 草Lavandula angustifolia Mill.药用鼠尾草Salavia officinalis L牛至Origanum vulgare L.百里香Thymus serpyllum L.var.mongolicus Ronn属于唇形科植物它们 都是重要的药用植物和香料植物具有较高的经济价值的草本或小灌木 在世界药品开发中 天然产物成分占很大份额 销售额最好的 25 种药用产品中 30% 以上是天然产物天然产物是目前化合物库中一个重要的组成部分还不能用合成化合 物替代通过对 Pharmaprojects 和 R .李浚明,1992在试验 中采取分四步完成即瓶中炼苗基质苗床营养土钵定植 1 . 7 . 1 . 定植前的炼苗 20032004 年春将诱导生根长到瓶口的苗进行炼苗打开封口膜
