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1、Chapter 4: transportChapter 4: transport transporttransport . Modes of transport运输方式 . Shipping documents运输单据 . Clause of shipment装运条款 . Modes of the transport运运 输方式输方式 1.Ocean transport1.Ocean transport 2.Rail transport 2.Rail transport 3.Road transport3.Road transport 4.Air transport4.Air transpor
2、t 5.Container Transport5.Container Transport 6.Land Bridge Transport6.Land Bridge Transport 7.Pipeline transport7.Pipeline transport 8.International Multimodal Transport8.International Multimodal Transport 1. Ocean transport Ocean transport 海洋运输海洋运输 n1.1 Advantages and disadvantages优缺点 n1.2 Major ty
3、pe of cargo vessels 货船主要 类型 n1.3 Operational modes of ocean transport运营方式 n1.4 charter party租船契约 1. Ocean transport Ocean transport 海洋运输海洋运输 1.1 Advantages and disadvantages neasy passage通行能力强 nlarge capacity运量大 nlow unit cost单位成本低 ngood adaptability to goods适货性强 nslow nvulnerable to bad weather易受恶劣
4、气候影响 nless punctual vulnerable to易受影响，易受侵害 nThe bale is vulnerable to damage during loading and unloading. nItaly is particularly vulnerable to the financial and economic crisis, due to its high public debt. 1.2. Major type of cargo vessel nGeneral (packed)cargo vessel普通货船 nOBO多用途船 nRefrigerated shi
5、p冷藏船 nTimer ship木材船 nOil tanker油轮 nContainer vessel货柜船 n Roll On /Roll Off vessel滚装船 nLASH载驳船（子母船） Timer ship木材船 Roll On /Roll Off vessel滚装船 Roll On /Roll Off vessel滚装船 Container vessel货柜船 LASH载驳船（子母船） 1.3 Operational modes of ocean transport 1.3.1 Liner transport 班轮运输 1.3.2 Shipping by chartering o
6、r tramp 租船运输 I.I.Ocean Transport Ocean Transport 海洋运输海洋运输 1.3.1 Liner transport 班轮运输 nFeature nfreight 1.3.1Liner transport 班轮运输 nFreight Consists of 2 Parts: （1）Basic freight 基本运费 （2）Surcharges 附加费 1.3.1 Liner transport 班轮运输 nStandards for Calculating Basic Freight: According to gross weight, i.e.,
7、 weight ton (重量 吨), - ”W” According to volume, i.e., measurement ton (尺 码吨), - ”M” According to gross weight or volume, i.e., choosing the higher rate of the two, - “W/M” 1.3.1Liner transport 班轮运输 According to value of the cargo, i.e., a certain percentage of FOB price, - ”A.V.” (Ad Valorem) 从价运费 Ac
8、cording to gross weight or volume or A.V. i.e., choosing the highest rate of the three, - “W/M or A.V.” 1.3.1Liner transport 班轮运输 According to gross weight or volume， and then plus a certain percentage of A.V. - “W/M plus A.V.” According to the number of the cargo According to the temporary agreemen
9、t entered into between the ship-owner and the consignor (发货人) 临时议定价格 Main Surcharges 附加费 nPort congestion surcharge 港口拥挤附加费 nAlteration of destination surcharge变更卸货港附加费 nDeviation surcharge 绕航附加费 nHeavy lift additional 超重附加费 nOver-length additional 超长附加费 nHold and tank cleaning charge for liquid car
10、go液体货 物的洗舱费 nBunker surcharge or bunker adjustment factor (BAF) 燃油附加税 1.3.2Shipping by Chartering or Tramp 租船运输又称不定期船运输 nA tramp is a freight-carrying vessel which has no regular route (航线) or schedule of sailings (船期表). Voyage charter 定程租船 Time charter 定期租船 Demise Charter or Bareboat Charter 光船租船 1
11、)Voyage Charter 定程租船 nThe hire of ship for a particular trip. Single voyage charter 单航次租船 Round voyage charter 来回航次租船 Consecutive voyage charter 连续航次租船 Voyage charter on time basis航次期租船 Contract of affreightment 包运合同 freight of voyage charter Methods of Stipulating the Freight:计算运费 的方式 Freight ton（运
12、费吨） lump-sum包干运费 (整船包价) freight of voyage charter nMethods to Pay the Freight:运费支付 的方式 Freight can be paid in advance - Freight Prepaid 运费预付 Freight can be paid after the goods have arrived at the port of destination - Freight Collect 运费到付 Methods of Bearing Loading and Unloading Expenses:装卸费用负担 The
13、 ship-owner bears gross terms (liner terms) 船方负责货物装卸及费用 The ship-owner is free in 船方不负责装货和费 用 The ship-owner is free out 船方不负责卸货和 费用 The ship-owner is free in and out 船方不负责 装卸货和费用 n(F.I.O.S.T.) freight of voyage charter nDemurrage 滞期费 nDispatch Money 速遣费 freight of voyage charter nDemurrage 滞期费 Duri
14、ng the time limit of loading and unloading, in case the charterer does not finish the work of loading and unloading , in order to compensate the ship-owner for his losses, the charterer should pay certain amount of fine (罚款) for the exceeding time, this is so called demurrage. freight of voyage char
15、ter nDispatch Money 速遣费 During the time limit of loading and unloading, in case the charterer finishes the work of loading and unloading ahead of schedule, then the ship-owner shall pay certain amount of bonus (奖金) to the charterer, this is so called dispatch money. 2)Time Charter 定期租船 nThe chartere
16、r (租船者) charters the ship for a period of time during which the ship is deployed (调度) and managed by the charterer. nCharterers expenses: loading, unloading, stowing, trimming, fuel expenses(燃料费), port expenses usw. nShipper-owners expenses: wages and board expenses (膳食费用) of the crew (全体船员), seaworthiness expenses（船舶）适航 and the
