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1、定语从句与名词 性从句详解 二. 定语从句的基本知识 1. 定义： 修饰限制某一名词或代词的句子为定语从句。一般翻译为:“的”。 2. 先行词：被修饰的名词或代词为先行词。 3. 位置： 放在被修饰名词或代词的后面。 4. 关系词：定语从句必须有一个关系词引导，关系词分为关系代词和关系副词两类， 但关系代词作宾语、表语时可以省去。 5. 6. 关系词之间的区别请看下面两幅图。 图: 关系代词 在定语从句中主语,宾语,表语和定语 whowhomwhichthataswhose 人人物 人物人物人物 主宾表宾主宾表主宾表主宾表定 图：关系副词 在定语从句中仅作状语 when wherewhy 时间
2、词 地点词原因词 时间状语地点状语原因状语 注意： 一定要在理解的基础上记忆关系代词和关系副词在定语从句中所作的成分。 what 不能引导定语从句, 但能引导名词性从句。 that不可引导非限制性定语从句。 被动语态的谓语动词不需要宾语。 关系代词that不能作介词的宾语。 三. 定语从句中的重点, 难点, 易混点和高考中的考点 1. as 与 which 引导非限制性定语从句的区别: as 与 which 引导非限制性定语从句时, 它们的先行词都可以是整个句子, 1. 区别 在于: 2. as 引导的从句位置灵活,可以放在主句的前, 中和后, 而 which 引导的从句 只 3. 能放在主句
3、之后. 4. as 常被译为 “正如 ”, 而 which 常被译为 “ 这一点这” Taiwan is part of China, as is known to all. Mary didnt pass the driving test, which made her very sad. 注意: as 常用于以下结构: as + 主语 + see know expect imagine suppose. as be seen known expected imagined supposed. as often happens. as has been said before. as is
4、often the case. (1). The owner of the cinema needed to make a lot of improvements and employed more people to keep it running, _ meant spending tens of thousands of pounds. (江苏 2006) A. who B. that C. as D. which (2). _ is often the case, we have worked out the production plan. A. Which B. When C. W
5、hat D. As (江苏 2004) D D 高 考 衔 接 3. 几个特殊先行词后的定语从句: reason 为先行词时, 如果定语从句中缺少状语,则用 why 引导, 如果缺少主 语宾语表语,则用thatwhich 引导。 the way 为先行词时，如果定语从句中缺少状语，则用thatin which 引导, 也可以省略, 如果 缺少主语宾语表语,则用thatwhich 引导。 situation case point spot scene 为先行词时, 如果定语从句中缺少状语, 则用 where 引导。 occasion 为先行词时，如果定语从句中缺少状语，则用 when 引导。 T
6、his is the reason that which he gave. We may be trapped in such a situation where we have no one to turn to. (5). Occasions are quite rare _ I have the time to spend a day with my kids. ( 2008 山东) A. who B. which C. why D. when D (4). - Do you have anything to say for yourselves? - Yes, theres one p
7、oint _ we must insist on. (2006 江西) A. why B. where C. how D. D 高 考 衔 接 名词性从句： 在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词性 从句 (Noun Clauses）。 名词性从句的 功能相当于名词词组, 它在复合句中能担 任主语、宾语、表语、同位语、介词宾语 等，因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能， 名词性从句又可分别称为主语从句、宾语 从句、表语从句和同位语从句。 什么叫名词性从句？ what与that的区别 1. What we cant get seems better than what we have. 2. There is
8、 clear evidence that the most difficult feeling of all to interpret is bodily pain. 名词性从句 1. Youve got to put yourself in other peoples shoes to figure out _ they care about, so you can respond well. (示范卷5) A. when B. how C. that D. what 2. _ Barbara Jones offers to her fans is honesty and happiness
9、. (2011北京) A. Which B. What C. That D. Whom 3. One reason for her preference for city life is _ she can have easy access to places like shops and restaurants. (上海) A. that B. how C. what D. why 名词性从句 D B A whether, if和that的区别 1. I dont know whether/if well go camping tomorrow. 2. That well go campin
10、g tomorrow has been decided. 名词性从句 1. It is not immediately clear _ the financial crisis will soon be over. (上海) A. since B. what C. when D. whether 2. Weve offered her the job, but I dont know _ shell accept it. A. that B. what C. whether D. which 3. Weve offered her the job, and I dont doubt _ she
11、ll accept it. A. that B. what C. whether D. which 名词性从句 D C A 定语从句与同位语从句的区别 1. The news that our football team won the match was not true. 2. The news that I heard on the radio was not true. 名词性从句 同位语从句 定语从句 1. When the news came _ the war broke out, he decided to serve in the army.(辽宁 ) A. since B.
12、 which C. that D. because 2. Do you still remember the chicken farm _ we visited three months ago?(辽宁) A. where B. when C. that D. what 名词性从句 C C 定语从句与并列句的区别 1. Mr. Li has three daughters, none of whom is an engineer. 2. Mr. Li has three daughters, but/and none of them is a dancer. 3. Mr. Li has thr
13、ee daughters; none of them is a dancer. 名词性从句 1. Toms mother kept telling him that he should work harder, but _ didnt help. A. he B. which C. she D. it 2. The weather turned out to be very good, _ was more than we expected. A. that B. which C. where D. it 3. The man took out a gold watch, _ were cov
14、ered with some small diamonds. A. the hands of them B. whose the hands C. the hands of which D. of which hands 名词性从句 D B C 定语从句、状语从句与强调句的区别 1. It was only when I reread his poems recently that I began to appreciate their beauty. 2. It was not until we had stayed together for a couple of weeks that I
15、 found we had a lot in common. 3. It was in Qingdao where they made a date for the first time that the old couple told us their love story. 4. Was it at the air battle on June 8, 1944, which was led by Captain Johnson, that Peter lost his life? 名词性从句 1. It was in the small house _ was built with stone by his father _ he spent his childhood. A. which; that B. that; w
