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1、CHAPTER 3 POWER TRAIN Whats the main function of chassis? Conveys the drive to the wheels Absorbs the road shocks Controls the direction of movement Slows down the vehicle Provides the support for automotive components convey knvei vt.表达,传达,运输,转移 List the main parts of chassis: Power train Running G
2、ear Steering System Braking System Power train 1.Clutch 2.Transmission 3.UJ(Universal joints) 4.Drive shaft 5.Final drive 6.Differential 7.Half-shaft Running GearRunning Gear 1.Front axle 2.Rear axle 3.Suspension 4.Frame 5.Wheel Steering SystemSteering System 1. Steerling Wheel 2. Steerling gear sha
3、ft 3. Steerling gear 4. Steerling knuckle 5. Til rod / rtack rod 1. 方向盘 2. 方向盘轴 3. 转向机 4. 转向节 5. 转向拉杆 Braking SystemBraking System 1Break drum 2Gas tank 3Break pipe List the types of chassis layout: FF = Front Engine Front Drive FR = Front Engine Rear Drive RR = Rear Engine Rear Drive MR = Middle En
4、gine Rear Drive n WD = Full Wheel Driven FF Advantages: 1. Lower floor gives good cornering and low car gives small air resistance 2. Short car 3. Flat floor, no propeller shaft tunnel or gearbox protrusions 4. Majority of weight at front gives good grip and good cornering Disadvantages： 1. Complica
5、ted structure and technology 2. High cost 3. Hard to service RR Advantages: 1. Large load on driving wheels gives good grip 2. Compact layout, short car 3. Simpler drive shaft layout than FD Disadvantages： 1. Remote operating system is complicated located 2. Engine cannt prevent dust well 3. Hard to
6、 service MR Advantages: 1. Concentrative weight 2. High efficiency 3. Good handling properties Disadvantages： 1. Engine needs special design 2. Hard to service 3. Complicated remote operating system n WDn WD Advantages: 1. Fairly even load applied to each wheel 2. Each tire is evenly abraded 3. Best
7、 cross-country capability Disadvantages： 1. Complicated structure and high cost 2. Hard to service 3. Big weight and low efficiency List the drive line of a FR Automobile. 3.2 clutch Whats the function of clutch? Provides a smooth take-up of the drive 。 Disengages the drive when necessary 。 Prevents
8、 the overload of power train。 .dry friction clutch When a vehicle is to be moved from rest the clutch must engage a stationary transmission（gearbox） shaft with the engine; this must be rotating at a high speed to provide sufficient power or else the load will be too great and the engine will stall (
9、come to rest). 当汽车原地起步时，离合器要将静止的变 速器轴同发动机接合起来，此时发动机必 须高速旋转以提供足够大的功率，否则载 荷过大将引起发动机熄火。 List the types of clutch spring. The main parts of a dry clutch: 1.The driving member:1.The driving member: The driving member consists of two parts: the flywheel and the pressure plate. The flywheel is bolted direc
10、tly to the engine crankshaft and rotates when the crankshaft turns. The pressure plate is bolted to the flywheel. The result is that both flywheel and pressure plate rotate together. adj. 用螺 栓固定的 主动部分由飞轮和压盘 两部件组成。飞轮用螺 栓直接连接到发动机曲 轴上，随曲轴旋转而旋 转。压盘与飞轮连接， 这样飞轮和压盘一起旋 转。 2.2.The driven member:The driven me
11、mber: The driven member, or clutch disc, is located between the flywheel and pressure plate. The disc has a splined hub that locks to the splined input shaft on the gearbox. Any rotation of the clutch disc turns the input shaft. Driven memberDriven member： 从动部分（或从动盘）位于飞轮和压盘之 间。从动盘上有花键毂，连接着变速器上 带花键的输
12、入轴。从动盘的旋转带动变速 器输入轴随之转动。 The inner part of the clutch disc, called the hub flange, has a number of small coil springs. These springs are called torsional springs. They let the middle part of the clutch disc turn slightly on the hub. Thus, the springs absorb the torsional vibrations of the crankshaft.
13、 When the springs have compressed completely, the clutch moves back until the springs relax. In other words, the clutch absorbs these engine vibrations, preventing the vibrations from going through the drive train. 当从动盘的内侧（毂缘） 有一些叫作扭转弹簧的小 螺旋弹簧，这些弹簧使得 从动盘中部相对从动盘毂 能有轻微转动，从而吸收 曲轴的扭转振动。压紧弹 簧完全压缩时，离合器向 后
14、移动直到弹簧开始伸张 为止。也就是说，离合器 吸收发动机的振动，防止 振动传递给传动系。 3. Operating members :3. Operating members : These are the parts that release pressure from the clutch disc. The operating members consist of the clutch pedal, clutch return spring, clutch linkage, clutch fork, and throwout bearing. The clutch linkage inc
15、ludes the clutch pedal and a mechanical or hydraulic system to move the other operating members. 操纵机构释放离合器盘的压力。操纵 机构由离合器踏板、回位弹簧、离合 器杆系、分离叉和分离轴承等组成。 离合器杆系包括离合器踏板以及用来 操纵其它部件的机械式或液压式操纵 系统。 When the clutch pedal is depressed, the clutch linkage operates the clutch fork. The clutch fork, or release fork, moves the throwout bearing against the pressure plate release levers. These levers then compress springs that normally hold the clutch disc tightly against the fl
