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1、王海峰原创免费资源。 未经授权，禁止用于任何以营利为目的的商业出版活动。 1 B2 Unit 4 Music Ludwig van Beethoven 1770-1827 It was impossible for me to leave the world before I had composed all that I felt needed to produce - Beethoven Student Biography of Ludwig Van Beethoven by: Cherie M. - Wheeling Park High School - Dan Wilhelm, Tea
2、cher Ludwig Van Beethoven was a great composer, who spent many of his childhood years raising his younger siblings(brothers and sister). His mother died of an illness and his father became depressed and could no longer take care of them. Beethoven is well known for his many works, especially Ode to
3、Joy, which he wrote when he was deaf. After Beethovens mother died, his father began drinking. The situation got so bad that Beethoven had to go to his fathers employer to demand and receive half of his fathers salary so that he could provide for his two younger brother and one-year old sister. In 1
4、972 his father died. Ludwig had to provide for his family for four years. In 1792, a composer named Joseph Haydn passes through Bonn on his way to Vienna. Haydn was impressed by Beethovens work but felt his talents needed to be controlled before they could be developed. Beethoven left Bonn and moved
5、 to Vienna to study composition with Haydn. Haydn found that Beethoven was advancing along the same path that he did as a youth. Beethoven realized that Haydn was not the teacher he was looking for, so he moved. Beethoven went through a grieving period over his mother. There was also a point where h
6、e believed he became infected because of the shortness of breath that he was having. We will never know whether Beethoven had been infected during his mothers illness. Beethoven stopped composing for almost two years because of everything he was going through. After all of his family matters settled
7、 down, Beethoven began composing. He also had his friend, Waldstein, present a Ritterballett (骑士芭蕾舞曲), at a carnival as his own. In Beethovens duties as a court musician he wrote a funeral march for the death of Emperor Joseph 2, but it was not finished in time. Patronage (资助资助) 王海峰原创免费资源。 未经授权，禁止用于
8、任何以营利为目的的商业出版活动。 2 While Beethoven earned income from publication of his works and from public performances, he also depended on the generosity of patrons (赞助人) for income. He gave them private performances and copies of works they commissioned. Some of his early patrons, including Prince Lobkowitz
9、and Prince Lichnowsky, gave him annual stipends (俸禄). Perhaps Beethovens most important noble patron was Archduke Rudolph, the youngest son of Emperor Leopold II, who in 1803 or 1804 began to study piano and composition with Beethoven. The priest and the composer became friends, and their meetings c
10、ontinued until 1824. Beethoven dedicated 14 compositions to Rudolph, including the Archduke Trio (1811) and his great Missa Solemnis (1823). Rudolph, in turn, dedicated one of his own compositions to Beethoven. The letters Beethoven wrote to Rudolph are today kept at the social museum in Vienna. Bee
11、thovens return to Vienna from Heiligenstadt was marked by a change in musical style, now recognized as the start of his Middle or Heroic period. According to Carl Czerny, Beethoven said, I am not satisfied with the work I have done so far. From now on I intend to take a new way. The first major work
12、 of this new way was the Third Symphony (交响乐) in E flat, known as the Eroica. While other composers had written symphonies with implied programs, or stories, this work was longer and larger in scope than any previously written symphony. When it was first performed in early 1805, it received a mixed
13、reception, with some listeners objecting to its length or failing to understand its structure, while others viewed it as another masterpiece. Beethoven composed highly ambitious works throughout the Middle period, often heroic in tone, which extended the scope of the classical musical language Beeth
14、oven had taken down from Haydn and Mozart. The Middle period work includes the Third through Eighth Symphonies and many other compositions. During this time Beethoven earned his living from the sale and performance of his work, and from the continuing support of wealthy sponsors. His position at the
15、 Theater an der Wien was ended when the theater changed management in early 1804, and he was forced to move temporarily to the suburbs of Vienna with his friend Stephan von Breuning. This Beethovens patron, Archduke Rudolph Beethoven Monument 王海峰原创免费资源。 未经授权，禁止用于任何以营利为目的的商业出版活动。 3 slowed work on Fid
16、elio, his largest work to date, for a time. It was delayed again by the Austrian censor (审查), and finally was first performed in November 1805 to houses that were nearly empty because of the French occupation of the city. In addition to being a financial failure, this version of Fidelio was also a critical failure, and Beethoven began revising it. The work of the Middle period established Beetho
