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1、热能与动力机械及金属工艺学1（Heat and power machinery and metal technology 1）1. the production process refers to the whole process of converting raw materials into finished products.The production process of the machinery factory generally includes raw material acceptance, storage and transportation, production t
2、echnical preparation, semifinished manufacturing, and parts processing (including heat treatment)Product assembly, inspection, painting, etc.The process of changing the shape, size, relative position and physical and mechanical properties of an object in production to make it a finished or semi-fini
3、shed product is calledTechnological process.Machining process refers to the use of mechanical processing methods (mainly cutting methods) gradually change the shape of rough (shape, size)And surface quality) the whole process of making it a qualified part. It is usually composed of steps, steps, kni
4、ves, and other units at different levels.One or a group of workers at a work site, a process that is completed continuously on one or more pieces of work, called processes.A piece of work that is held together with the movable parts of a fixture or device after a single installation relative to a fi
5、xed part of a tool or deviceThe part of the process completed at each location is called the stationIn the case of the machined surface, the cutting tool and the amount of cutting (only the speed and feed), the part of the process that is continuously completed is calledFor a step.Sometimes, in orde
6、r to improve production efficiency, it is often necessary to process several machined surfaces at the same time with several cutters. This can be seen as a step and called a compositeWork step,A reference is the surface, line, or point on which the part, line, or point of the part is determined. In
7、calculating and measuring certain surfaces,When the position and size of a line or point are measured, the reference is the starting point of calculation and measurement.Process standardsA variety of benchmarks used in the manufacturing process (including machining, measurement, and assembly), or pr
8、ocess standards, also referred to as manufacturing benchmarks.According to different uses, process standards can be divided into process standards, positioning standards, measurement standards and assembly standards.1. design criteriaIt is the basis for the design of a part drawing to determine the
9、location of other surfaces, lines, or points.Designers from the parts in the product work conditions and performance requirements, in the parts drawings with position, size or mutual position relations (such as flatThe relative positions of the surfaces are determined by line, perpendicularity, coax
10、iality, etc.If the machining process of a part is regarded as a system, the machine tool, the tool, the fixture and the four elements of the workpiece can be considered as oneMachining process systemThe quantity of the product is very large, and most of the work has been done according to a certain
11、tempoThe processing of a part of the same part is called mass production. asBicycles, washing machines, cars, etc.Produce the same product in batches, and repeat production periodically, as of a machineBed making, etc. According to the product characteristics and batch size, it is divided into small
12、 batch and medium sizeBatch and batch production of three kinds.Products of different sizes are produced individually, and rarely repeatedProduce. Such as heavy machinery, large ship manufacturing, new product trial production and so on.Forging is a general term of forging and stamping, and belongs
13、to the field of pressure processing. The utility model exerts the external force on the metal material so as to obtain a definite shape and rulerInch and mechanical properties of profiles, parts processing.Often divided into free forging, die forging, sheet metal stamping, extrusion, drawing, rollin
14、g and so onTwo, the characteristics of forgingImprove the structure of the metal and improve the mechanical properties(2) material utilization rate is high(3) higher productivity(4) the accuracy of blank or parts is higher5) the metal material used for forging should be of good plasticity(6) it is n
15、ot suitable for forming parts with complex shapesThe plasticity of metals refers to the ability of metal materials to produce permanent deformation without damaging their integrity under external force,Deformation resistance is the force acting on a tool when a metal is plastically deformed.Forging
16、is a metal billet that heats up and produces plastic deformation under the action of an external force. It is formed by controlling the flow of metal into a desired shape,Methods of size and organization. According to the characteristics of metal flow in deformation, they can be divided into two categories: fr
