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1、南通高等师范学校外语系 综合英语课程Unit 1 Tales of the unexplainedPeriod Three, Word power How can a space shuttle be sent into space? Can it fly into space by itself? With these two questions, you should focus on reading the poster the scientist is showing to you. By the way, do you know the differences between spa
2、ceship and space shuttle?A spaceship is a vehicle for carrying people through space. A space shuttle is a vehicle that is designed to carry people into space and back to the Earth several times to do experiments. Period four, Grammar and UsagePresent perfect tense1. Use different methods to present
3、the present perfect tense. Here are some ideas:1) Please look at the screen. Pay attention to the different forms of the verbs:2) Lets complete the following sentences, in which the predicate part is missing. We_(study) English for about five years. They_(live) in the south since their daughter was
4、born. I_ (read) your article three times. Its well written. The student_(finish) her homework already. Eric_(go) back to his hometown today. Answers: have studied have lived have read has finished has gone3) Read the following sentences and point out what tense or tenses are used in them and the rea
5、sons why they are used. We have studied English for about five years. We began to study it five years ago. They moved to the south in 1990 and have lived there since then.The student is doing her homework. She hasnt finished it yet.Eric left home last year and has just come back.2. We may wonder why
6、 some verbs cant be used in the present perfect tense. Lets read the following sentences, and try to find different usages of some verbs. Justin has been away from home for several days. He disappeared last Friday. They bought this house three years ago and they have lived here since then.My brother
7、 went to see my grandpa last week. He has visited him three times this month. So you see when an action happens over a period of time that began in the past and continues to the present, the present perfect tense is often used. When an action happened at a definite time in the past, the past simple
8、tense is often used.3. Read Points 1 and 2 on page 8 to make sure why the present perfect tense is used in these two sentences. 4. Go over Point 3 on page 8 to learn what time expressions can be used with the present perfect tense. Pay attention to the different usages between already and yet, or fo
9、r and since.5. Read Point 4 on page 8 to learn that the present perfect tense can be used in a situation where the action was completed only a moment ago. In this case, just is used.6. Go over Points 5 and 6 on page 8 and note that when we want to express a repeated action, we use the present perfec
10、t tense with the time expressions once/twice/three times . 7. Lets read the diary entry and then complete it using the correct forms of the verbs in brackets.Answers: (2) saw (3) has visited (4) loves (5) hasnt visited (6) has swum (7) has never met (8) has dived (9) has found (10) hasnt found (11)
11、Has, been Summary of The Present Perfect tense:1.We use the present perfect tense to talk about things that happened in the recent past, but are connected to the present.Daniel has lived(live) in Beijing since he came to China.(Connection with the past: Daniel came to China. Connection with the pres
12、ent: Daniel is living in China.) 2.We use the present perfect tense to talk about something that started in the past, and is still happening now. came has lived _ past now future 3.We use the present perfect tense to talk about actions that were completed only a short time ago. I went to Egypt in 19
13、86. I went to Egypt in 2004.I have been (be) to Egypt twice.4.We can also use the present perfect tense for repeated actions.Has it ever snowed(snow) in Hong Kong?No, it has never snowed(snow) there.5.We use the present perfect tense when the exact time of an action is not clear or important. We use
14、 it with time expressions such as: already, ever, for, just, lately, never, recently, since, yetNotes:1. We use already for affirmative statements and yet for negative statements and interrogative sentences.2. We use for + a period of time and since + a point of time.3. Structures connected with the present perfect tense:1) It is (has been) +a period of time +since-clause.2) This (That/It) is the first (second) time + that-clause (present perfect tense).3) This (That/It) is the only ) + that-clause (present perfect tense).4) This (That/It) is the best/ finest /most interes
