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1、从Para.3中找出Having done作状语的句子 1.Having worked hard all day, I went to bed early. 2.Having experienced quite a few earthquakes in Hawaii already, I didnt take much notice. 1. I had worked hard all day, so I went to bed early. 2. I had experienced quite a few earthquakes in Hawaii already, so I didnt ta
2、ke much notice. 原因状语 Having done _ 主动，进行 _被动, 完成 _将来；目的 _强调动作先发生 being done to be done having been done 非谓语动词 to do/ doing/ done/having done having done to do done doing 1.看主语，辨主被动 2.看时态，辨动作先后顺序 1. _many times , but he still couldnt understand it . 2. _many times , he still couldnt understand it . A
3、. Having been told B. Told C. He had been told D. Though he had been told 3. _from space , the earth looks blue . 4._from space , we can see the earth is blue . A. Seen B. Seeing C. To see D.See 5. The building _ now will be a restaurant . 6. The building _ next year will be a restaurant . 7. The bu
4、ilding _ last year is a restaurant. A. having been built B.to be built C.being built D. built C A/D A B C B D -ing分词的构成 -ing分词是由动词原形加词尾-ing构成，表示与 主语主动关系。-ing分词同样有时态和语态的变 化，通常有下表几种形式（以do为例） 主动形式被动形式 一般式 doingbeing done 完成式 having donehaving been done，完 成所表示的时间在主句的动 作之前表示被动可直接用过 去分词V+ed -ing分词的一般式和完成式
5、： -ing分词的一般式的动作表示和后面句子的动作是 同时进行的动作；完成式的动作是先于后面句子的 动作发生。如： Being a student, he was interested in books. 作为一个学生，他对书本很感兴趣。 Not having studied his lessons very hard, he failed the examinations. 因为没有努力学习功 课，他考试不及格。 -ing分词的否定形式是由not /never 加-ing分词构成。如： Not knowing his address, I could do nothing but stay
6、at home and wait. 不知道他的地址，我只好在家里等着。 -ing分词的被动式 -ing分词的被动式表示与后面句子的主语是被动关系 。根据-ing分词动作发生的时间，被动式有一般被 动式(being done)和完成被动式(having been done)。如： （Having been criticized） by the teacher, he gave up smoking. 被老师批评以后，他把烟戒 了。 现在分词作状语 现在分词作状语往往和逻辑主语之间存在主动关 系。现在分词作状语，常常用来表示原因、时间 、方式、结果、条件、伴随状况等。现在分词一 般不用作表目的的状
7、语（通常用不定式表目的的 状语）。 -ing分词短语作时间状语，相当于一个时间状语从句。 注意：1现在分词所表示的动作与主句的动作一般是同时发生有 时可由连词when, while引出。 2现在分词所表示的动作一发生，主句的动作就立即发生 时，现在分词一般位于句首。 如： While reading the book, he nodded from time to time. 他一边看书，一边不时地点头。 Seeing those pictures, she remembered her childhood. 看到那些画，她想起了她的童年。 When I was walking in the
8、street, I came across an old friend of mine. Walking in the street, I came across an old friend of mine. While he was waiting for the bus, he read a copy of China Daily.) While waiting for the bus, he read a copy of China Daily. 1）表时间状语 2) 表原因状语（相当于一个原因状语从句） Being ill, he didnt go to school. 1.(=as
9、he was ill, he didnt go to school.) Being a student, you should study hard. (=Since you are a student, you should study hard.） 2. 既然你是一个学生，你就应该努力学习。 3. 由于想到他或许在家，所以我就给他打了电话。 Thinking he might be at home, I called him. (As I thought he might be at home, I called him.) 3)表方式、伴随情况的状语 ：作伴随状语地分词表 示的动作，必须
10、是主语的一个 动作，或是与谓语所 表示的动作（或状态）同时发生，或是对谓语表示的 动作（或状态）作进一步地补充说明。 Eg. He sat on the sofa, watching TV. (=He sat on the sofa and watched TV.) 他们笑着谈着走进了教室。 _ , they went into the classroom. 他斜靠(lean)着墙站着。 He _the wall. (He stood and leaned against the wall.) Laughing and talking stood leaning against 4) 表结果
11、Eg. Her mother died in 1990, leaving her with her younger brother. (=Her mother died in 1990, and left her with her younger brother.) 全国到处在传唱这首歌曲，使它成了一首最受欢迎的 歌曲。 The song is sung all over the country,_. making it the most popular song 5)表条件 Using your head, you will find a way. (=If you use your hea
12、d, you will find a way.) 一直往前走，你就会看到一座白色地房子。 _, you will see a white house. Walking ahead 1. Having not seen the film, I cant tell you what I think of it. 2. The men worked for extra hours got an extra pay. 3. Seen from the top of the hill, we find the city more beautiful. 4. Generally speak, facial
13、 expressions are helpful communications, too. Not having working Seeing speaking 单句改错 5. “ Cant you read?” the man said, angrily pointed to the notice on the wall. 6. Knocking at the door before entering, please. 7. European football is played in 80 countries, made it the most popular sport in the w
14、orld. pointing Knock making (6)与逻辑主语构成独立主格： I waiting for the bus, a bird fell on my hair. 我等汽车时，一只鸟落到我头上。 All the tickets having been sold out, they went away disappointedly. 所有的票已经卖光了，他们失望地离开了。 Time permitting, well do another two exercises. 如果时间允许，我们将做另两个练习。 有时也可用with (without) +名词（代词宾格）+分词形式 Wit
15、h the lights burning, he fell asleep. 他点着灯睡着了。 独立成分： 有些分词短语可以做独立成分，用来解释整个句子，不受句子主 语的限制。常见的分词短语有：generally(frankly,honestly) speaking, supposing (假设), judging from(从判断), talking of（谈到), speaking of（谈到）等。 Generally speaking, girls are more careful than boys. Supposing you lose, what will you do? Judging from his accent, he must be from the north. Talking of travel, have you ever been to Beijing? 1、分词 (短语) 作状语时, 前后两个动作的主语是 同一个人。 2 、分词短语做状语时，前面可以加上连词或介词，但 是分词短语和句子之间不能用并列连词(如but，and)， 分词和主句之间可用逗号。 使用- ing形式需注意的4个问题. 3、用V+ing一般式 还是Having+done完成式，要 看前后两个动作有没明显的先后顺序，在可能引起 误解的场合应该用完成式现在分词
