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1、湖 北 文 理 学 院毕业设计(论文)英文翻译题 目 地沟油生物柴油的性能评价专 业班 级姓 名学 号指导教师职 称 2015年 4月 4 日Performance Evaluation of Biodiesel from Waste Cooking OilAbstract-Performance evaluation of bio-diesel is a process in which we check the efficiency of the bio-diesel. We calculate the brake specific fuel consumption and brake t
2、hermal efficiency.The different blends (B20,B40) of Waste Cooking Oil were prepared with diesel to check the performance on Diesel engine. It was found that engine was difficult to start at pure form of Waste Cooking Oil due to high viscosity so blend is made with the diesel. Bio-diesel was prepared
3、 and used in Diesel engine for testing the performance. In this experiment we found that the bio-diesel produce less smoke as compare to diesel on same load and gives the better performance as compare to diesel we can use Waste Cooking Oil in the place of diesel as a source of fuel in future.Keyword
4、s- BSFC, BTE, Bio-diesel, Diesel, Blends.I. INTRODUCTIONBio-diesel is a renewable diesel fuel substitute that can be made by chemically combining any natural oil or fat with an alcohol such as methanol or ethanol.Bio-diesel refers to a vegetable oil-or animal fat-based diesel fuel consisting of long
5、-chain alkyl (methyl, propyl or ethyl)esters. Bio-diesel is typically made by chemically reacting lipids (e.g., vegetable oil, animal fat (tallow) with an alcohol. Bio-diesel is meant to be used in standard diesel engines and is thus distinct from the vegetable and waste oils used to fuel converted
6、diesel engines. Bio-diesel can be used alone, or blended with petro diesel. Bio-diesel can also be used as a low carbon alternative to heatingoil.Transesterification of a vegetable oil was conducted as early as 1853 by scientists E. Duffy and J. Patrick.10 August has been declared International Bio-
7、diesel Day. More recently, in 1977,Brazilian scientist Expedito Parente invented and submitted for patent, the first industrial process for the production of bio-diesel.An Austrian company, Gaskoks, obtained the technology from the South African Agricultural Engineers; the company erected the first
8、bio-diesel pilot plant in November 1987 and the first industrial-scale plant in April 1989 (with a capacity of 30,000 tons of rapeseed per annum). The idea to use vegetable oils as fuel is not a new concept. Rudolf Diesel the father of the diesel engine, proposed the possibility of replacing petrol
9、fuel by peanut oil about 100 years ago,when he presented his first diesel engine in an exhibition in Paris. Diesel engine is designed and developed primarily to operate on liquid fuels.The diesel engine runs on the fuel burnt by the heat of compression of charge in the cylinder.The desirable propert
10、ies in a diesel fuel are ignition quality, volatility, viscosity, specific gravity and lubricity. However the ignition quality is the most significant factor governing the suitability of fuel for in diesel engines applications.It is given in terms of cetane ratings which is measure of its ability to
11、 auto ignite quickly when injected in to high pressure compressed air in the engine cylinder . Fuels having high cetane numbers are suitable for compression ignition engines.Compression ignition engines have been designed to run over a wide range of heavy to light hydrocarbon fuels. Heavier grades o
12、f petroleum known as light oil are suitable for slow speed engines whereas these fuels are unsuitable for high speed diesel engines13.Bio fuels are renewable liquid fuels coming from biological raw material and have proven to be good substitutes for oil in the transportation sector.As such bio fuels
13、 ethanol and bio-diesel are gaining worldwide acceptance as a solution for problems of environmental degradation energy security oil imports rural employment and agricultural economy. Bio-diesel can be blended in any ratio with petroleum diesel fuel. It does not require separate infrastructure for s
14、torage.The use of bio-diesel in conventional diesel engines results in substantial reduction of unburnt hydrocarbons,carbon monoxide and particulate matters. Bio-diesel is considered clean fuel since it has almost no sulphur, no aromatics and has about 10% built in oxygen, which helps it to burn com
15、pletely its higher cetane number,improves the combustion even when blended in the petroleum diesel.Sunflower and rapessed are the raw materials for biodiesel used in Europe whereas soybean is used in USA.Thailand uses palm oil, Ireland uses frying oil and animal fats.In view of its combustion charac
16、teristics bio-diesel can be used as fuel for diesel engines (as either, B5 a blend of 5% bio-diesel with diesel) or B20 or B100).USA uses B20 and B100 bio-diesel,France uses B5 as mandatory.II.CURRENT ENERGY SCENARIO,NEED FOR ALTERNATIVEFUELS AND ADVANTAGES OF BIODIESELRapid escalation of fuel prices,shortage of conventional petroleum-based fuels and depletin
