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1、Vocabulary 1. coordination compound 配位化合物 2. complex络合物 3. formula ( formulae 复数）分子式， 公式 4. ligand 配体 5. cation阳离子（cathode 阴极） 6. anion阴离子 （anode 阳极） 7. precede Vt. 1) 优于，位于之前； 比优先；（地位等）高于 The motorcade was preceded by motorcycles. 摩托车为车队作先导 8. bracket n. 1) 托架 2) 复括号 ( 指 , , ( ), ) 10. spell out 讲清
2、楚， 清楚地说明 9. parentheses n. 圆括号 Nomenclature of Coordination Compound: IUPAC Rules Cation named before anion for ionic compound When naming complexes Ligands are named first alphabetically Metal atom / ion is named last Oxidation state given in Roman numerals follows in parentheses Names of anionic l
3、igands end with suffix -o Chang ide to -o Chang ite to -ito Chang ate to -ato Nomenclature : IUPAC Rules Neutral ligands referred to by their usual names Example: NH2CH2CH2NH2 ethylenediamine Exceptions: Water, H2O = aqua Ammonia, NH3 = ammine Carbon monoxide , CO = carbonyl Nitrogen oxide , NO = ni
4、trosyl Anionic Ligands Names Neutral Ligands Names Br- bromo NH3 ammine F- fluoro H2O aqua O2- oxo NO Nitrosyl OH- Hydroxo CO Carbonyl CN- cyano O2 dioxygen C2O42- oxalato N2 dinitrogen CO32- carbonato C5H5N pyridine CH3COO- acetato H2NCH2CH2NH2 ethylenediamine Nomenclature : IUPAC Rules Greek prefi
5、xes are used to designate the number of each type of ligand in the complex ion, e.g. di-, tri- and tetra-. If the ligand already contains a Greek prefix (e.g. ethylenediamine) or if it is polydentate ligands (ie. can attach at more than one binding site) the prefixes bis-, tris-, tetrakis-, pentakis
6、-, are used instead. Numerical prefixes Number Prefix Number Prefix Number Prefix 1 mono 5 penta (pentakis) 9 nona (ennea) 2 di (bis) 6 hexa (hexakis) 10 deca 3 tri (tris) 7 hepta 11 undeca 4 tetra (tetrakis ) 8 octa 12 dodeca Nomenclature : IUPAC Rules If the complex is an anion, the name of the me
7、tal ends in “ate”. Appended to either the English or Latin name of the metal. Scandium, Sc=scandate Iron, Fe=ferrate Examples Titanium, Ti=titanate Vanadium, V=vanadate Chromium, Cr=chromate Manganese, Mn= manganate Cobalt, Co=cobaltate Nickel, Ni=nickelate Copper, Cu=cuprate Zinc, Zn=zincate Name o
8、f Metal Name in an Anionic Complex Iron Ferrate Copper Cuprate Lead Plumbate Silver Argenate Gold Aurate Tin Stannate Examples Give the systematic names for the following coordination compounds: 1. Cr(NH3)3(H2O)3Cl3 Answer: triamminetriaquachromium(III) chloride Solution: The complex ion is inside t
9、he parentheses, which is a cation. The ammine ligands are named before the aqua ligands according to alphabetical order. Since there are three chlorides binding with the complex ion, the charge on the complex ion must be +3 ( since the compound is electrically neutral). From the charge on the comple
10、x ion and the charge on the ligands, we can calculate the oxidation number of the metal. In this example, all the ligands are neutral molecules. Therefore, the oxidation number of chromium must be same as the charge of the complex ion, +3. 2. Pt(NH3)5ClBr3 Answer: pentaamminechloroplatinum(IV) bromi
11、de Solution: The complex ion is a cation, the counter anion is the 3 bromides. The charge of the complex ion must be +3 since it bonds with 3 bromides. The NH3 are neutral molecules while the chloride carries - 1 charge. Therefore, the oxidation number of platinum must be +4. 3. Pt(H2NCH2CH2NH2)2Cl2
12、Cl2 Answer: dichlorobis(ethylenediamine)platinum(IV)chloride Solution: ethylenediamine is a bidentate ligand, the bis- prefix is used instead of di- 4. Co(H2NCH2CH2NH2)32(SO4)3 Answer: tris(ethylenediamine)cobalt(III) sulfate Solution: The sulfate is the counter is anion in this molecule. Since it t
13、akes 3 sulfates to bond with two complex cations, the charge on each complex cation must be +3. Since ethylenediamine a neutral molecule, the oxidation number of cobalt in the complex ion must be +3. Again, remember that you never have to indicate the number of cations and anions in the name of an i
14、onic compound. 5. K4Fe(CN)6 Answer: potassium hexacyanoferrate(II) Solution: potassium is the cation the charge on the complex ion must be - 4. Since each ligand carries 1 and the complex ion is the anion. Since there are 4 K+ binding with a complex ion, charge, the oxidation number of Fe must be +2
15、. The common name of this compound is potassium ferrocyanide. 6. Na2NiCl4 Answer: sodium tetrachloronickelate(II) Solution: The complex ion is the anion so we have to add the suffix ate in the name of the metal. 7. Pt(NH3)2Cl4 Answer: diamminetetrachloroplatinum(IV) Solution: This is a neutral molec
16、ule because the charge on Pt+4 equals the negative charges on the four chloro ligands. If the compound is Pt(NH3)2Cl2Cl2, eventhough the number of ions and atoms in the molecule are identical to the example, it should be named: diamminedichloroplatinum(II) chloride, a big difference. 8. Fe(CO)5 Answer: pentacarbonyliron(0) Solution: Since it is a neutral complex, it is named in the same way as a complex cation. The common name of this compound, iron
