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1、考研英语写作概要 本文谈谈怎样写英语概要(Precis)用实例讲解考研英语摘要的写作要点要写好一篇文章的概要应考生应具备两种基本能力首先应具备理解原文掌握全文中心思想的能力；其次应具有用简练的语言将原文的中心思想表达出来的能力一般说来概要的篇幅为原文的1/3至1/4因此在写概要时务必注意语言的概括和精练概要写作一般按下列步骤进行： 1.认真仔细地阅读原文两遍理解和掌握全文的内容 2.仔细地阅读考题指令明确了解考题要求在原文上标出重点如议论文中的论点、论据；记叙文中的发展、高潮、结局等 3.再一次阅读原文并将所需要采用的要点列出要点的记录应尽可能简洁明了 4.根据记录的要点写出概要的初稿并尽可能
2、不参照原文除非当你需要核实某个要点这将十分有益于用自己的语言组织内容而不是照抄原文中的某些词句完成初稿后应数一数字数但千万不可在写完每一句句子即数字数这样不仅浪费宝贵的时间而且会搅乱写作的思路 5.进行一些必要的修改和调整后誊清完稿并在最后注明具体字数 应考生在重读誊清稿时有两点还应牢记：首先你写出的概要内容必须忠实于原文或者说精确(accurate)概要中所有的内容和信息必须来源于原文既不可篡改原文内容也不能包括原文未涉及到的内容其次概要读起来应是一完整连贯的段落要取得这一完整连贯就应该使用一些连接词(linkwords)如but,and,however,also等连接要点；同样也可使用诸如
3、since,though,evenifwhen,after,before等词请看下面一例子： Thesentrywatchedahawkthathoveredoverhead,lookingforsomeunsuspectingpreytopounceupon.Thenheheardthedistant,muffledroarofplanes,thensilence.Forthepastweekhehadbeentoldtotakenoteofeverythingthathappenedonthehillwithinhisrangeofvision,andtoreportanythingsus
4、picious.Thehillledtoanexperimentalfactory,wherenewandsecretweaponsweretested.Therewasathreatofwarandthefactorywouldbeinvaluabletotheenemy.Sotheapproachestoitwerewatcheddayin,anddayout. Heshiftedhisposition;hefeltthathehadbeencrouchingintheheathersincethebeginningofthetime,butonlyacoupleofhoursofthed
5、aysdutyhadpassed.Suddenlyhesawsomethingfallingfromtheskylikesnow,onlyitwasnotsnow.Heputouthishandandcaughtbitsofthatweredriftingnearhim.Theywerethinstripsofmetaltoconfusedelicateinstruments,sothatitwouldnotbepossibletodetectthelandingofenemycraf.Nextheheardalong,low,continuousroarfromtheeastandsawbu
6、ndlesdescendingfromtheskywhichlookedlikeumbrellasopening,butwhichbeknewtobeparachuteswithmenhangingfromthem.Hewantedtogoatoncetogivethealarm,buthehadtobesurethattheparachuteswerenothisownmenoutonanexercise.Themenwereongroundnow.Oneofthempointedinthedirectionofsecretfactoryandtheyallbeganmarchingtowa
7、rdit.Hehadnomoredoubtsandsetoffatoncedownthehill.Hecrawledslowly,sometimesonhisstomach,sometimesonhisside,weavingdecidedthathehadamplecoverandstartedtorun.Buthehaderred,forbulletsweresoonwhistlingpasthim.Hedroopedflatontheground.Nobodycametosearchforhim,sohecounteduptoahundredandthenbegancrawlingaga
8、in.Hemovedtortuouslyandassilentlyashecouldtohiscampatthefootofthehill. Describeinnotmorethan80wordswhatthesentrysawanddidfromthemomentwhenthestripsofmetalfellfromtheskyuntilhegotbacktohiscamp.Useyourownwordsasfaraspossible.Donotincludeanythingthatisnotinthepassage. 1.Points(SawandDid) 1)Putouthands;
9、caughtstripmetal. 2)Sawbundles. 3)Waited. 4)Sawmenonground. 5)Onepointed;allmarched. 6)Wentdownhill. 7)Crawledstomach,sidetostream. 8)Startedrunning. 9)Droppedflat(why?bullets). 10)Counted100;crawled. 11)Silentlytocamp. 2.RoughDraft(LinkingofPoints)（写得不好的摘要） Whenthesentryheldouthishandtocatchwhatwas
10、fallingoutofthesky,hefoundthatitwasstripsofmetal.Thebundlesbeganingdown.Thesentrywaiteduntilmenappearedontheground.Oneofthempointedandthesentrysawthemmarchtowardsthefactory.Crawlingonhisstomachandonhisside,thesentrymoveddownhill.Hebeganrunningwhenhecametoastream,butdroppeddownwhenhewasshotat.Afterco
11、untinguptoahundredtohimself,hebegancrawlingsilentlyagaindownhill.(95words) 3.FairCopy(CorrectedDraft)（写锝比较的摘要） Aftercatchingholdofmetalstripsfallingoutofthesky,thesentrysawbundlesdescendingand,afteratime,somemenappearedontheground.Oneofthempointedandtheyallbeganmarchingtowardsthefactory.Thesentrycrawleddownhillonhisstomachandonhisside.Whenhecametoastream,hebeganrunningbutdroppeddownwhenthemenshotathim.Hecounteduptoahundred,thensilentlystartedcrawlingagaintowardshiscamp.(80words)
