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1、Period 3 Module 6 Unexplained Mysteries of the Natural World Function Grammar 语法专题突破 品味语法 1When I got to the airport，they may have just left home. 2Its surprising that you can drive. You must have learned it before. 3There is nowhere to find them. Where can they have gone? 4You neednt have taken a t
2、axi here， for it was very near to my house. 自我探究 以上各句均使用了“情态动词态动词 have done”结结构。该结该结 构的动动作发发生在过过去 。 Shall: 用于第一和第三人称疑问句, 表示征求对方的意见,请求许可 。Shall he come in?要他进来吗? Shall we go now?我们现在就走吗? Shall: 用于第二和第三陈述句中,表示决心, 强制,命令,警告,允诺等。 The shares shall be divided into five parts according to the law. 根据法律这些股份将
3、被分成五份。 Will: 表示客观规律 Tomorrow will be Sunday. 表示愿意： If you will wait, Ill call for you. 明天将是星期日。 如果你愿意等, 我就给你叫他。 表示临时决定 -You have forgotten to turn off the light. -Really? I will go and turn it off. 你忘记关灯了。 真的吗？我这就去关上。 1. must have +done sth 表示对过去事情的肯定推测，译成“一定 做过某事”，该结构只用于肯定句。 It must have rained las
4、t night，for the ground is wet. 昨晚一定下雨了，因为为地面还还是湿的。 You must have been mad to speak to the servant. 你和仆人说话说话 ，一定是发疯发疯 了。 2. ought to should have done sth. 本应该做某事，而事实上并没有做。 1.You ought to / should have been more careful in this experiment. 3. “shouldnthave done” 本来不应该做某事，而实际做了。 1. Look，Tom is crying.
5、I shouldnt have been so harsh on him. 我本来不应该对应该对 他如此严厉严厉 的。 4. neednt have done sth 本没必要做某事而做了 I dressed very warmly for the trip, but I neednt have done so. The weather was hot. 5. needhave done” 本来需要做某事而没有做。 He need have hurried to the station. In that case，he wouldnt have missed the train. 他本来需要快
6、点去车站，那样的话，他就 不会误了火车。 6“couldhave done” “本来能够够做某事而没有做”。 He could have passed the exam，but he was too careless. 本来他能够够通过过考试试的，但是他太粗心了。 7“canthave done” “不可能做过过某事” 对过对过 去事情的否定推测测。 Mary cant have stolen your money. She has gone home. Mr.Smith cant have gone to Beijing，for I saw him in the library just n
7、ow. Grammar -3. Summary (2m) 8.may+have+done”表示对发对发 生过过的事情 的推测测，意思是“可能已经经” ，用于肯定 句中。 What has happened to George? I dont know. He may have got lost. 乔乔治发发生了什么事？ 我不知道，他可能迷路了。 9.“might+have+done”表示对过去事情的推测 ，might与may意思相同，但可能性更小。 1. He might have given you more help, even though he was busy. (MET90) 他或
8、许会多给 你一些帮助，即使他很忙。 2. She might have achieved greater progress, if you had given her more chances. 如果你多给她点机会，她可能已经取 得更大的成绩。 4. would like to have done sth 本打算做某事而没有做 I would like to have read the article, but I was very busy then. must have done对过 去某事的肯定猜测 想必，一定，准是 may / might have done 对过 去某事的可能性猜 测
9、 可能已经 cant / couldnt have done 对过 去某事的否定性猜 测 想必不可能，一定不 should / ought to have done 过去应该 做而实际 未做 本应该 (责备 ,语气较强 ) could have done 本来能做的事实际 却未 做到 (遗憾,惋惜) 情态动词+ have +过去分词 表示否定的情态动词的用法: mustnt 不准；禁止 neednt 没必要 ( = dont have to ) cant 不能；不可能 may not 不可以；可能不 shouldnt 不应该 ( = ought not to ) Function-1. Pre
10、sentation Many people think the monster may be related to Nessie. They think there might be similar creatures in other lakes. Scientists say the lake is unlikely to be able to support such a big creature. Which sentences say that something is possible? Which sentences say that something is impossibl
11、e? Which word is followed by to+verb? 1, 2 3 unlikely FUNCTION小结: may: 可能会,或许会 might: 可能,或许(语气更不肯定) unlikely: 可能性不大的(形容词) 1.It may be a new species. 它可能是一种新的物种。 他或许不在那儿。 2.He may not be there. 语 气 强 弱 3. His suggestion might be worth thinking about. 他的建议或许值得考虑。 我有许多或许你感兴趣的书。 4. I have got a lot of b
12、ooks that might interest you. 7点钟前她可能到不了。 他不大可能受伤。 5. She is unlikely to arrive before 7. 6. It is unlikely that he got injured. Function-3. Practice(4m) Do activity 2 on page 54. Keys: There might still be dinosaurs somewhere. Dont go near the water. It may be very deep. We are likely to see the mo
13、nster. There may be an underground river from Loch Ness to the sea. We must help him- he may not be able to swim. There are likely to be lots of strange creatures in that lake. Grammar - 2. Presentation (3m) Read the sentences and answer the questions The dinosaurs may have stopped evolving, and bee
14、n unable to adapt to changes in the climate. They might have killed each other. We use may have done or might have done to talk about _. Something which happened in the past- perhaps. Something which is impossible. Something which may happen in the future. 1 Grammar -4. Practice (5m) Do activity 2 a
15、nd 3 on page 57. Keys: might have caused may have cut off may have survived might have been killed Think of more reasons why the dinosaurs might have disappeared. 注: word 文档 点击此处链接 Individual activity .单项 填空 1(2011年高考课标课标 全国卷)They_ have arrived at lunchtime but their flight was delayed. Awill Bcan C
16、must Dshould 解析：选选D。句意：他们们本应该应该 在午饭时间饭时间 就到 达的，但是他们们的航班被耽搁搁了。will have done 表示将来完成时时；can have done一般用于否定与 疑问问的推测测；must have done表示对过对过 去发发生事 情的肯定推测测，意为为“肯定/必定做过过某事”； should have done表示“过过去应该应该 做某事(而实际实际 上 未做)” 2I didnt go to work yesterday afternoon because my car broke down. You _ mine，I wasnt using it. Acould have borrowed Bmight borrow C
