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1、年中考英语精品复习资料语法基础复习专题 作者： 日期：9 冲击2010年中考英语精品复习资料语法基础-5非谓语动词指的是在句中起名词，形容词或副词作用的动词形式，而不是作谓语的动词形式。 动词的非谓语形式分为动名词，分词，动词不定式。Climbing mountain is a good exercise. (Climbing., 动名词起名词作用）爬山是一项好运动。Do you know the man wearing a white shirt. （wearing . 分词起形容词作用）你认识那个穿白衬衣的人吗？He gets up early to catch the first bus
2、. (to catch . 不定式起副词作用）他早早起床是为了赶上第一班汽车。谓语动词和非谓语动词的区别：2) 谓语动词在句中可单独作谓语，而非谓语动词不能单独作谓语。Miss Mary teaches us English.玛丽教我们英语。（teaches 动词作谓语）Mr.Victor came to our classroom to have a talk with us last week.维克托先生上周来到了我们教室和我们谈话。（to have a talk. 不定式作状语）3) 谓语动词受主语的人称和数的限制，而非谓语动词形式没有这种限制。Larke likes the pop m
3、usic.拉克喜欢流行音乐。（动词用单数第三人称形式）Larke has nothing to do today.拉克今天没什么事要做。（do 用原形）非谓语动词的特征：2 如果非谓语动词是及物动词，后面须跟宾语。Studying English is my favorite.学习英语是我的爱好。（studying 后跟宾语）To help him is my duty.帮助他是我的责任。（help 后跟宾语）3 非谓语动词可以带有自己的状语或逻辑主语。Working under such a condition is terrible.在这样的环境下工作太可怕了。(under such a
4、condition 是 working 的状语）Its too difficult for him to master English in such a short time.他在这么短的时间内掌握英语太难了。（for him 作不定式的逻辑主语）4 非谓语动词仍有语态和时态的变化。I am sorry to have kept you waiting long.对不起让你久等了。（to have kept.是不定式的完成形式）Seen from the mountain, the city looks much more beautiful.从山上看，这座城市美丽多了。（Seen from
5、.是分词的被动形式）5 非谓语动词在句中可以当成名词或者形容词来使用。Our coming made him happy.我们的到来使他很高兴。（coming 起名词作用）There are two big swimming pools here.?这儿有两个大型游泳池。(swimming 起形容词作用） 非谓语动词的形式变化：不 定 式 主动 被 动一 般to write to be written进 行to be writing/完 成to have writtento have been written完成进行 to have been writing/现在分词主动 被 动一般writi
6、ngbeing written完成having written having been written过 去 分词 一般written动 名 词 主动 被 动一般 writing being written完成 having written having been written动 名 词动名词是由动词原形 + ing 构成，同现在分词形式一样，在句中可作主语， 宾语，表语和定语。1) 动名词作主语：Talking like that is not polite.那样谈话不礼貌。Learning from others is important .向别人学习很重要。Putting on mor
7、e clothes is not so good .多穿衣服不一定好。动名词可以象动词不定式一样，用 it 先行祠代替， 而把动名词写在后面。Its no use waiting here, lets go home.在这儿等着也没用，我们回家吧。Its very difficult climbing this mountain.爬这座山很困难。2) 动名词作表语The nurses job is looking after the patients.护士的工作是护理病人。Seeing is believing.眼见为实。3) 动名词作宾语有些动词须用动名词来作宾语,它们是begin, mind, suggest, finish, stop, need, enjoy, miss, keep.Please stop smoking in the house.请不要在家里抽烟。I like reading in the forest.我喜欢在树林里读书。Do you
