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1、东关实验中学外语组语态：表示语态：表示主语主语和和谓语动词谓语动词之间的关系。之间的关系。英语有英语有两种语态两种语态，即，即主动语态主动语态和和被动语态被动语态。主动语态：表示主语是谓语动作的执行者。被动语态：表示主语是谓语动作的承受者。如：ManystudentsstudyEnglish.(主动语态)Englishisstudiedbymanystudents.(被动语态)语态语态11）不知道动作的执行者是谁）不知道动作的执行者是谁Mybikewasstolenyesterday.Mybikewasstolenyesterday.22）没有必要指出动作的执行者）没有必要指出动作的执行者Mo
2、retreesmustbeplantedeveryyear.Moretreesmustbeplantedeveryyear.3)3)需要强调或突出动作的承受者需要强调或突出动作的承受者ChineseisspokenbymoreandmoreChineseisspokenbymoreandmorepeopleintheworld.peopleintheworld.被动语态的结构助动词be+过去分词(be+done)一般现在时一般现在时：amisare+amisare+donedone一般过去时：waswere+done一般将来时:willbebegoingtobe+done情态动词：mustca
3、ncouldmay+be+done现在进行时:be(amisare)+being+done现在完成时:havehas+been+done被动语态的构成：be+done各种时态的被动语态：1.WearegladthattheShenzhenUnderground_verysoon.(2013深圳)A.willbecompletedB.willcompleteC.hascompletedD.hasbeencompleted2.Thecomputer_inJapanin2003andIhavehaditforonlyoneweek.(2013中考)A.wasmadeB.canbemadeC.isma
4、deD.made对被动语态句子时态的考核：1.由时间状语verysoon可以确定该句应该用一般将来时的被动语态。2.由时间状语in2003(过去的时间)，可以确定该句应该用一般过去时的被动语态。3.Hewillgofishingifhiswork_.(2013河北)A.isdoneB.willbedoneC.hasdoneD.havedone4.Todaytheforestshavealmostgone.Peoplemust_downtoomanytrees.(2013安徽)A.stoptocutB.stopfromcuttingC.bestoppedtocutD.bestoppedfromc
5、utting被动语态知识点的综合考核：7.在条件状语从句中，主句用一般将来时从句要用现在时，同时该句又应该用被动语态。8.对句式”stopsb.fromdoingsth.”被动语态的考核”sb.bestoppedfromdoingsth.”B选项如果去掉“from”，成为另一句式”stopdoingsth.”，也是对的。Grade3主动语态如何变被动语态WespeakEnglish.主语谓语宾语Englishisspokenbyus.主语谓语宾语宾变主主变介宾谓变bedone时不变（be体现时态，人称和数的变化）主动语态被动语态TheyplayfootballonSunday.Lucydoes
6、thehomeworkintheevening.Theyoftenhelphimwithhomework.WemakethesemachinesinBeijing.FootballisplayedbythemonSunday.ThehomeworkisdonebyLucyintheevening.Heisoftenhelpedwithhomeworkbythem.ThesemachinesaremadeinBeijing.1.Theyboughtacomputerlasttermbythemlastterm.2.一般过去时的被动语态结构：waswere+过去分词lastyear.2.2.WeW
7、eplantedplantedmanytreesmanytreeslastyear.lastyear.ManytreeswereplantedAcomputerwasboughtTheybuiltthetallbuildinglastyear.Hetookgoodcareofhislittlebrotheryesterday.Wecleanedourclassroomjustnow.Theyusedtheroomsforresting.Thetallbuildingwasbuiltbythemlastyear.Hislittlebrotherwastakengoodcareofbyhimyes
8、terday.Ourclassroomwascleanedbyusjustnow.Theroomswereusedforrestingbythem.3.一般将来时的被动语态结构：begoingtobewillbe+过去分词1.Theywillfinishtheworkintendays.bythemintendays.Theworkwillbefinished2.Tomisgoingtocleantheroomtomorrow.TheroomisgoingtobecleanedbyTomtomorrow.Wewillholdasportsmeetingnextweek.Childrenwill
9、takesomephotosintheschoolyardtomorrow.Theheadmasterisgoingtogiveatalkthisafternoon.Asportsmeetingwillbeheldbyusnextweek.Somephotoswillbetakenbychildrenintheschooltomorrow.Atalkisgoingtobegivenbytheheadmasterthisafternoon.4.含有情态动词的被动语态结构：canmaymustshould+be+过去分词1.AmycantakegoodcareofGinabyAmy.Ginacan
10、betakengoodcareof2.You2.Youshoulddrinkshoulddrinkmorewater.morewater.MorewaterMorewatershouldbedrunkshouldbedrunkbyyou.byyou.1.Hecantakecareofthebaby.2.Lucymaydrawthepictures.3.Youmustturnoffthelights.4.TheyshouldlearnEnglishwell.Thebabycanbetakencareofbyhim.ThepicturemaybedrawnbyLucy.Thelightsmustb
11、eturnedoffbyyou.Englishshouldbelearnedwellbythem.5.5.现在完成时的被动语态的结构现在完成时的被动语态的结构havehashavehasbeenbeen过去分词过去分词Wehavemadeakeybyus.Akeyhasbeenmade2.We2.Wehavefinishedhavefinishedourcompositionsourcompositions.OurcompositionsOurcompositionshavebeenfinishedhavebeenfinishedbyus.byus.被动语态的几种特殊类型被动语态的几种特殊类型
12、1.带双宾语句子的被动语态.（指物的宾语叫直接宾语，指人的宾语叫间接宾语）如：如：1.Hegave1.Hegavememeabook.abook.givegivememeabookabook间间直直=giveabooktome直间IIwasgivenabookbyhim.wasgivenabookbyhim.AbookAbookwasgivenwasgiventotomebyTom.mebyTom.2.Iboughthimabook.2.Iboughthimabook.HeHewasboughtabookbymewasboughtabookbyme.AbookAbookwasboughtwas
13、boughtforforhimbyme.himbyme.to:to:passgiveshowbringpassgiveshowbring，sellsell，sendsend，telltell，teachteach，returnreturn，lendlendfor:for:makebuygetmakebuyget，choosechoose，cookcookTheyTheytakegoodcareoftakegoodcareofmychild.mychild.IIturnedoffturnedofftheradio.theradio.2.2.含有短语的主动语态变被动语态含有短语的主动语态变被动语态
14、-Mychildistaken-Mychildistakengoodcareofgoodcareof.-Theradiowasturned-Theradiowasturnedoffoff(byme).(byme).动词短语是一个不可分割的整体，在变动词短语是一个不可分割的整体，在变为被动语态时，不可丢掉构成的动词短为被动语态时，不可丢掉构成的动词短语的语的介词介词和和副词副词。即即hearwatchseemakelethearwatchseemakelet这些词在这些词在主动句中，其后的动词不加主动句中，其后的动词不加toto，但变被动，但变被动句时必须加句时必须加to.to.1.I1.Isa
15、wsawhimhimplaybasketballlastSunday.playbasketballlastSunday.HeHewasseenwasseentotoplaybasketballlastSunday.playbasketballlastSunday.2.Theboss2.Thebossmakesmakeshimhimworkfor10hours.workfor10hours.HeHeismadeismadetotoworkfor10hours.workfor10hours.3.3.感官动词和使役动词的被动语态感官动词和使役动词的被动语态Payattentiontothis:Pay
16、attentiontothis:11）像）像happentakeplace不及物动词没有不及物动词没有被动语态。被动语态。不用被动语态动语态的情况Atrafficaccident_(happen)justnow.happened22）连系动词looksoundtastesmelllooksoundtastesmell等等不用被动语态。Mooncakestastedelicious.Theideasoundsgreat.11）当当表示主语质地表示主语质地自身特征的动词自身特征的动词openlockopenlockwritereadsellcleanwashcutburnwritereadsellcleanwashcutburndrivedrive与副词与副词wellwell或或easilyeasily连用时，可用主动语连用时，可用主动语态表被动意义，用作不及物动词。态表被动意义，用作不及物动词。Thiskindofpenwritess
