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1、-/Unit 11. What were the author and his wife doing in Nanjing in the spring of 1987？They were studying arts education in Chinese kindergartens and elementary schools in Nanjing.2. What was their son Benjamin fond of doing during their stay at the Jinling Hotel?Their 18-month-old son Benjamin was fon
2、d of trying to place the key into the slot of the key box during their stay at the Jinling Hotel.3. How would Chinese staff members of the hotel respond to Benjamins attempt to place the key into the slot?They would come over to watch Benjami, and then try to teach him how to do it properly.4. Why d
3、id the author decide to work the key-slot anecdote into his discussions with Chinese educators?Because he realized that this anecdote was directly relevant to their assigned tasks in China: to investigate early childhood education and to throw light on Chinese attitudes toward creativity.5. What did
4、 his Chinese colleagues think of the key-slot incident?Most of them displayed the same attitude as the staff at the Jinling Hotel.6. What did the author emphasize in presenting his views about the incident?He emphasized that the most important thing is to teach the child that one can solve a problem
5、 effectively by oneself.7. What does the author mean by saying this incident was key in more than one sense?He means that this incident pointed to important differences in educational and artistic practices between China and the USA.8. In what way does the author associate the key-slot incident with
6、 teaching by holding his hand?The manner in which the Chinese staff saw the need to teach the child by guiding his hand is characteristic of a broader attitude to education, one that stands in contrast to the Western preference for leaving the child to explore and learn unaided.9. What examples does
7、 the author give to illustrate childhood education in the arts in China? One example is of children at the age of 5 or 6 painting flowers, fish and animals skillfully and confidently; in a second example, calligraphers 9 and t 0 years old are producing excellent works; and in a third, young artists
8、work on perfecting their: craft for several hours a day.10. How do Americans and Chinese differ in their attitudes to creativity? Americans think that unless creativity has been acquired early, it may never emerge, and skills can be picked up later. Chinese think that if skills are not acquired earl
9、y, they may never be acquired, and there is no hurry to promote creativity.11. What makes them take different positions on the question of creativity? This is mainly due to the difference in their way of thinking. 12. What suggestion does the author make about seeking a better approach to fostering
10、skills and creativity? The author makes the suggestion that we should strike a better balance between the poles of creativity and basic skills.Unit21. What is the Salvation Army? What does a Salvation Army bell ringer do? The Salvation Army is a religious charitable organization. A Salvation Army be
11、ll ringer is a volunteer who helps it collect donations. 2. What did the boy ask the writer? What do you think made him raise such a question?The boy asked him: Are you poor? He did it simply out of confusion and curiosity. Obviously he knew nothing about the Salvation Army bell ringer.3. How did th
12、e writer answer? What does the writers answer to the boys question mean?He said, I have more than some people, but not as much as others. This means that he was neither poor nor rich.4. Why did the boys mother scold him?The boys mother scolded him because the question was socially inappropriate, esp
13、ecially to a person who looked poor.5. Is the writer poor or not in terms of material possessions? Give facts to support your conclusion. Hs, economically he is poor. He lives in a small basement apartment. He doesnt even have a color TV. He falls into the lowest income category And so on.6. Does th
14、e writer feel poor? Why or why not? No, the writer does not feel poor. This is because he has enjoyed good health and creativity which he thinks are much more important than material goods.7. In what situation does the writer feel out of place? He feels out of place among people who ate primarily in
15、terested in material things.8. What did the girl tell him before her visit to his basement apartment? And what happened after? She told him that she was interested in whats on the inside. But after he Wok her to his poorly furnished apartment, she changed her mind completely. 9. How ought one to und
16、erstand such a seemingly abrupt change in her priorities?It only shows that to her the most important thing was still material goods rather than what she had claimed before.10. Can we infer from the essay what role commercials can play in society? Commercials can put people under pressure to purchase more than is really
