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1、外文文献翻译完整版 译文3200多字 (含：英文原文及中文译文) 文献出处： Kar F, Fan J, Yu W. Comparison of different test methods for the measurement of fabric or garment moisture transfer propertiesJ. Measurement Science & Technology, 2007, 18(7):2033.英文原文 Comparison of different test methods for the measurement of fabric or garmen
2、t moisture transfer propertiesF Kar, J Fan and W YuAbstractSeveral test methods exist for determining the water vapour permeability or resistance of textile fabrics or garments. The differences and interrelationships between these methods are not always clear, which presents a problem in comparing r
3、esults from different test methods. This study is aimed at investigating the relationships between the test results from four typical test methods, including the moisture transmission test (Model CS-141), ASTM E96 cup method, sweating guarded hot plate method (ISO11092) and the sweating fabric manik
4、in (Walter). For the range of air permeable knitted fabrics tested, it was found that good interrelationships exist between the results from the four types of test methods, although some discrepancies exist between different tests due to differences in testing conditions. Test results from different
5、 moisture transfer test methods can therefore be convertible with due consideration.Keywords: fabric, water vapour transmission rate, clothing comfort, water vapour resistance1. IntroductionMoisture transfer properties of textile fabrics and garments are important to the thermal comfort of clothed p
6、ersons. A number of test methods have been developed to evaluate the moisture transfer properties of textile fabrics and garments. However, since the techniques and testing conditions of these tests are very different, results from these tests are not directly comparable. It is therefore necessary t
7、o investigate the differences and interrelationships between the results from these different test methods.Dolhan compared two Canadian Standards (CAN2-4.2-M77 and CAN/CGSB-4.2 No. 49-M91) and the ASTM E96 test methods for measuring the water vapour transmission properties and found that the results
8、 of these tests were not directly comparable because of the differences in the water vapour pressure gradients driving the moisture transmission in the different test methods Gibson 8 conducted an extensive investigation on the relationship of the test results from the sweating guarded hot plate (IS
9、O11092) and those from the ASTM E96 Cup Method. In his work, permeable materials, hydrophobic and hydrophilic membrane laminates were tested and the results were standardized in the units of air resistance and water vapour transmission rate. It was found, except for the hydrophilic samples, there is
10、 a clear correlation between the results from the two tests. As the test condition in the guarded sweating hot plate tests resulted in much higher equilibrium water content in the hydrophilic polymer layer, which influences the polymers permeability, the water vapour transmission rate through the hy
11、drophilic membrane is greater when tested using the sweating guarded hot plate. As pointed out by a number of previous researchers 7, 12, different relative humidity gradients present in the various test methods cause the intrinsic transport characteristics of hydrophilic polymers to change. For suc
12、h fabrics, there tend to be poor correlations between different test methods that employ differing relative humidity gradients, since the resistance is a function of the water vapour concentration and temperature. Consequently, Lomax 11 pointed out the need for investigating the correlations of resu
13、lts from different test methods for different types of fabrics.Gretton et al 9 classified the fabric samples into four categories, including air permeable fabrics, microporous membrane laminated fabrics, hydrophilic membrane laminated/coated fabrics and hybrid coated/laminated fabrics, in investigat
14、ing the correlation between the test results of the sweating guarded hotplate (ISO 11092) and the evaporative dish method (BS 7209). They showed that there is a good correlation between the two test methods for all fabrics except for the hydrophilic coated and laminated fabrics that transmit water v
15、apour without following the Fickian law of diffusion.Recently, Indushekar et al 10 compared the water vapour transmission rates measured by a modulated differential scanning calorimeter and those by the conventional dish technique as specified in BS7209 for a wide range of woven based fabrics used i
16、n cold weather protective clothing. The study showed that results from these two test methods differ widely due to the differences in the water vapour gradients which occurred in the two methods.With the development of novel techniques for the measurement of moisture transmission properties of fabrics and garments, it is necessary to further investigate the relationship between different test methods. The present study was therefore aimed at investig
