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1、iii 问题来源和目的语水平对非英语专业师范生问题来源和目的语水平对非英语专业师范生 交际策略使用的影响交际策略使用的影响 2003 级研究生：韦莉萍导师：严幸智 副教授 专业：课程与教学论研究方向：大学英语教学论 中中 文文 摘摘 要要 交际策略在语言学习者口语交际中的运用非常普遍， 而且可以在一定程度上弥补语言 能力不足, 增强交际的有效性， 是实现外语教学的基本目标即培养学习者交际能力的重要 手段之一。另一方面，师范生是未来的教师，提高他们的外语口语交际策略意识，培养他 们运用口语交际策略的能力， 不仅将使他们本身受益， 而且还将通过他们对国内各级英语 教育产生积极影响。 本文通过对广西
2、师范大学非英语专业师范生进行高低水平组对比实证研究， 调查他们 在口语交际中交际策略的使用类型以及问题来源和目的语语言水平对交际策略使用的影 响，试图探索影响口语教学和培养交际策略能力的有效途径。 文章共分五部分。 第一部分是导论，叙述交际策略研究产生的背景及其理论与实践意义。 第二部分综述文献， 介绍交际策略的理论基础和国内外交际策略的研究现状及研究理 论成果。 第三部分为文章主体，详述本研究的目的、内容和过程。研究目的主要是通过调查广 西师范大学非英语专业本科生在英语口语交际中交际策略的使用情况， 揭示交际策略与交 际能力的关系， 探索改进和优化民族地区大学英语口语教学的可能有效的途径。
3、研究对象 为广西师范大学非英语专业的 80 名本科生。根据大学英语四级成绩，将其分成高水平组 和低水平组进行对比研究。每组各 40 名，其中男女各 20 名。研究范围仅限于使用交际策 略对指定名词进行表述的 40 名被试， 其余 40 名合作被试的表现仅做记录， 但不进行分析。 研究内容包括：1.交际策略的运用类型；2. 问题来源与交际策略的运用及效能的关系；3. 目的语语言水平与交际策略的运用及效能的关系。 理论界普遍认为， 在影响交际的各种因 素中，词汇的作用最大。因此，本研究从词汇层面入手展开对交际策略的研究。研究方法 为“给每位受试学生 20 个名词（10 个具体名词和 10 个抽象名
4、词） ，要求其用英语给每个 词下定义，并使用交际策略使合作者明白自己的意图，从而实现成功交际” 。 第四部分陈述研究结果并展开讨论， 分析非英语专业师范生在口语交际中交际策略使 用的类型及问题来源和目的语水平与交际策略运用与关系。实验结果表明：1. 被试在口 语交际中常使用三种交际策略，即：知识性策略，语言性策略和非语言策略。2. 交际中 问题来源影响被试交际策略运用的频率，类型和效能。3. 被试的目的语语言水平也影响 iv 影响其交际策略运用的频率，类型和效能。 第五部分得出结论，并从口语教学内容、方法和测试三个方面对改进和优化民族地区大 学英语口语教学发表作者的一孔之见。 关键词：交际策略
5、类型问题来源目的语语言水平 v The Effects of Problem Sources and Target Language Proficiency on Communication Strategy Employment by Normal University Non- English Majors Name: Wei LipingSupervisor: Yan Xingzhi Abstract in English The employment of communication strategy, an important way to help learners improve
6、 theircommunicativecompetence,isoftenusedbylanguagelearnersintheiroral communication to compensate their linguistic deficiency and help enhance the effectiveness of their communication. Normal university students are trained to teach in schools and institutions across the country in the future. The
7、improvement of their awareness of the function of communication strategies and the cultivation of their communicative strategic competence will be of vital significance to both themselves and the English language teaching at different levels throughout China. By means of a contrastive study targeted
8、 the non- English major undergraduates in Guangxi Normal University, this thesis surveys the employment of communication strategies by the subjects in their oral communication，the effects of problem sources and target language proficiency on the learnersemployment of communication strategies, with a
9、n aim to find out some possible effective ways to help improve the communicative competence of the non- English major undergraduates in the universities the under- developed areas in China. This thesis is divided into five chapters: Chapter 1 is an introduction to the origin of communication strateg
10、ies and their theoretical and practical implications. Chapter 2 reviews the researches on communication strategies and the chief academic achievements both at home and abroad. Chapter 3 is the core of the thesis presenting the objectives, contents and procedures of this project. The subjects partici
11、pated in the field test were 80 non- English majors undergraduates from Guangxi Normal University, who were divided into a high- proficiency group and low- proficiency one with 40 subjects each (twenty boys and twenty girls) with their performance in CET- 4 (College English Test, Band 4) as a yardst
12、ick. However, only the performance of the initial speakers utilizing various strategies to make understood their original ideas and to achieve a successful oral communication has been dealt with while their interlocutors responses were recorded but not analyzed. The content of this project includes:
13、 1. a taxonomy of communication strategies employed by the subjects; 2. the relationship between the problem sources and the subjectsemployment of communication strategies; 3. the vi relationship between target language proficiency and the employment of communication strategies. It is generally held
14、 by researchers that vocabulary is one of the important factors that can exert a greatest influence on oral communication. This idea is applied to design the field test. The research approach was to ask a subject to define the words given to him or her in English, and to make him (her)self understoo
15、d by his (her) partner (refer to Zhou Jie, 2001) by means of utilizing various communicative strategies. Each subject was required to define 20 nouns (10 abstract and 10 concrete nouns) respectively without time limit. Chapter 4 displays the three findings with some tentative analysis and discussion
16、s: 1. Three kinds of communication strategies were mainly used by the subjects to carry out their oral communication tasks, i.e. knowledge- based strategies, linguistic- based strategies and non- linguistic strategies; 2. The problem sources influenced the frequency, type and communicative effectiveness of communication strategies employment;3. The subjects target language proficiency also affected the frequency, type and communicative effectiveness of communication strategies employment. Ch
