《武术散打比赛边裁判员评判结果公开显示的可行性研究》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《武术散打比赛边裁判员评判结果公开显示的可行性研究（34页珍藏版）》请在金锄头文库上搜索。
1、首都体育学院 硕士学位论文 武术散打比赛边裁判员评判结果公开显示的可行性研究 姓名：吕晓健 申请学位级别：硕士 专业：民族传统体育学 指导教师：叶伟 2011-06 i 摘 要 摘 要 武术散打竞赛裁判评判实行电子化系统已有很多年了， 与原来边裁判员手工举牌 式的评判方式相比，电子化评判方式使得比赛向着及时、准确、公开、透明的体育比 赛准则迈进了历史性的关键一步。然而，多年来由于种种原因，武术散打比赛时边裁 判员的评分结果并没有公开显示，实行“暗分制” ，处于半公开、半透明的状态。反 观奥运会的同类项目都实行“明分制” ，完全公开透明。显然，散打运动要进入奥运 会这个最高竞技场，其评判方式还有
2、待改进。那么，武术散打比赛时边裁判员的评分 结果能不能公开显示，以何种形式公开显示，公开显示受哪些因素制约，公开显示需 要哪些方面的配套改革等种种问题，都需要我们进行可行性研究，以便该项目能真正 体现现代体育竞赛的公开、透明原则，为将来武术散打走向奥运会这个最高竞技场扫 平障碍。 本文采用文献资料分析法、访谈法、问卷调查法、对比分析法以及数理统计法等 研究方法开展研究，得出结论如下： 1、武术散打比赛的裁判评判方式与拳击、跆拳道、空手道等较为成熟的徒手 格斗项目相比有一定的差异，执裁原理是每一局胜负的判定依据多数原则，在实际操 作中，由于各裁判的视线角度不同、距离运动员的远近不同、执裁水平不同
3、，那么实 际上很多时候少数裁判的判决更接近真实。这种评判方式存在其合理性。最大的不同 是其他项目采用“明分制” ，而散打比赛采用“暗分制” 。 2、目前武术散打竞赛实行的“暗分制”不符合体育比赛公开、透明的原则，会 成为其进入奥运会赛场的障碍，应该尽早进行改革，对边裁判员的评分情况进行公开 显示。 3、武术散打比赛实行“暗分制”的原因是因为武术散打依据多数裁判员对每局 比赛胜负的判定，每一位边裁判员对运动员拳、腿技术动作得分的判定都是有效地， 这就要求边裁判员的打分要具有独立性。 4、在武术散打比赛过程中，在不影响裁判独立判决的情况下，采用显示大屏幕 背对边裁判员， 面对广大观众这样的方式进行
4、公开显示边裁判员的评分情况不仅是必 要的，也是可行的。 建议：边裁判员评分情况的公开显示应该采取较为稳妥的方式加以推进。可以先 试行在每局比赛结束时公开显示每位边裁判员的具体比分， 待取得经验后再实时地显 示具体的评分过程。可以先在全国青少年比赛、全国武术馆校比赛或全国武术之乡比 赛等次要比赛中试行，待取得经验后再在全国锦标赛、冠军赛以及综合性运动会的散 打比赛中实行。 关键词：武术散打；边裁判员；评分结果；公开显示 ii Abstract The electronic scoring system has been implemented in Wushusanda competition
5、for many years.Compare with the traditional way the referees held a board to judge, the electronic command system did make a difference in the history of the sports competition rules, and make it more timely, accurately, open and transparent in the competition However, for series of complex reasons,
6、 the results given by the referees was not show out publicly in Wushu Sanda Competition, while the results were in a state of semipublic and semitransparent for many years. But the similar project was really open and transparent in the Olympic Games, apparently, if San Da movement want to enter the
7、the highest arena like the Olympic Games, it should improve its form of the judgment. Therefore, if we want to incarnate the open and transparent spirit in the modern sports competition and reach the goal that sanda movement can enter into the Olympic Games, we need to analyze and study the followin
8、g questions: in the Wushu Sanda Competition, whether to display the results publicly or not; if we should show the results out, then how; and which factors may conditioned the results, and, what related reforms and systems should be carried out in this procedure. By Adopting the documentary and refe
9、rential analysis method and using logical analysis and the methods of literature study, questionnaire and mathematical statistics. the paper treats of the driving forces of the above questions, and finally comes out the following conclusion: 1. Compared with other events like boxing, taekwondo and k
10、arate, in these unarmed combat events, sanda movement do exists certain differences in the way of judgment. Each event has its unique judge rules, but the biggest difference among these events was : other events use the out point system while sanda movement using unknown point system. 2. Nowadays th
11、e unknown point system in sanda movement was not fays in with the rule of “open and transparent”, which may impede this event access to the Olympic Games. We should reform this rule as soon as possible; promote to show out the results publicly. 3. The reason why we perform the unknown point system i
12、n the Wushu Sanda Competition is that the rule in sanda movement wares not the same with the rule in boxing and taekwondo movements. In sanda movement, scores ware depended on how most referees judge each game, while in boxing and teakwondo events, scores ware depended on how most referees judge eac
13、h technology action of the two athletes at the same time. 4. we consider it necessary and doable to use the out point system in sanda movement and display the results publicly under the condition not to interfere the referee s self-judgment. Suggestion: The out judgment system should be promoted ste
14、p by step. We can try it out in this way: show each judges score at the end of the game and gradually show the process of how judges make out the score in time after we got some related experiences. And we can put this method into trial use in some small competition like the national youth competiti
15、on, whole wushu school competition and the competition of the village of wushu, then we can iii spread this method into some major tournaments like the national Tournaments, Championships and Comprehensive Sport Games Key words:WuShuSanDa;Side judge; Evaluation Results；Public Display 1 武术散打比赛边裁判员评判结
16、果公开显示的可行性研究 1 前言 1.1 选题依据 武术散打运动是两人按照一定的规则要求，运用踢、打、摔等技术，互以对方 身体为攻击目标的一种徒手格斗对抗性竞赛项目 1。现代竞技散打运动自 1979 年开 始试点试验以来，如今已有 30 多个年头，目前，武术散打已经成为全运会正式比赛 项目，亚运会正式比赛项目，以及世界武术锦标赛正式比赛项目，已经成为一项高水 平的竞技体育项目，跻身于世界竞技体育的大舞台。30 多年来，在武术管理中心体 育工作者以及众多武术爱好者的共同努力下，散打的技、战术体系逐步成熟，理论框 架相对完善，运动水平不断提高，散打进入一个稳步发展的新时期。 田麦久先生在其论运动训练过程一书中简述了决定运动成绩的三个因素：运 动员的竞技能力在比赛中的发挥；对手的竞技能力在比赛中的发挥；以及比赛的评定 行为。其中竞赛的评定行为即竞赛裁判员是影响运动成绩的一个重要因素 2。武术散 打比赛的成绩判定是由 1 位场上裁判员和 5 位边裁判员的判罚共同决定的， 他们根据 双方运动员在比赛中使用的不同方法，击中的不同得分部位，产生不同的效果，按照 得分标准来判断并
