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1、山西财经大学 硕士学位论文 模糊限制语在英语政治新闻中的语用分析 姓名：吕媛 申请学位级别：硕士 专业：外国语言学及应用语言学 指导教师： 2010-03-30 i 山西财经大学 学位论文原创性声明 本人郑重声明：所呈交的学位论文，是本人在导师的指导下，独立进行研 究工作所取得的成果。除文中已经注明引用的内容外，本论文不包含任何其他 个人或集体已经发表或撰写过的作品成果。对本文的研究所做出重要贡献的个 人和集体，均已在文中以明确方式标明。本人完全意识到本申明的法律结果由 本人承担。 学位论文作者签名： 日期： 年 月 日 ii 山西财经大学 学位论文版权使用授权书 本学位论文作者完全了解学校有
2、关保管、使用学位论文的规定，同意学校 保留并向国家有关部门或机构送交论文的复印件和电子版，允许论文被查阅和 借阅。本人授权山西财经大学可以将本学位论文的全部或部分内容编入有关数 据库进行检索，可以采用影印、缩印或扫描等复制手段保存和汇编本学位论文。 本学位论文属于保密，不保密。在 年解密后适用本授权书。 （请在以上方框内打“”） 学位论文作者签名： 指导教师签名： 日期： 年 月 日 日期： 年 月 日 1 Chapter One Introduction 1.1 The purpose and significance of the research Fuzzy phenomena obje
3、ctively exist in every aspect of human life. It is hard to make a clear boundary between things as well as concepts. As vagueness is one attribute of human thinking, language, the direct realization of thinking, is evitably fuzzy, which is absolutely universal. And in real life, vagueness is one fea
4、ture of concepts as well as expressing more than exactivity in rhetoric. As for language communication, it is unequivocal to understand via using exact meaning, but fuzziness sometimes is more appropriate, impassioned and effective. Hence, the value of vague language is embedded in pragmatic functio
5、n and interacted with context. The article “ Fuzzy sets” by Zadeh (1965) contributes a lot to the appearance of Fuzzy Linguistics, in which the study of hedges is the most common and the most typical fuzzy language. The notion of “ hedge” is first introduced by G. Lakoff (1972), who defines hedges a
6、s the words which are to make things fuzzier or less fuzzy. In the pragmatic view, hedges refer to words or phrases used to modify the content of utterances in the aspect of truth- conditions. Consequently, hedges can be used to indicate the speaker s attitude towards utterances and their objective
7、appraisal as well. Since hedges have special effects on language, the use of hedges is a universal phenomenon, not only in spoken language but also in written language. In recent years, much progress has been made in the study of hedges and its application to various fields, including logics, semant
8、ics, rhetoric, discourse analysis, cognition research, applied linguistics, second language acquisition, translation, cross- cultural communication, pragmatics, etc. Linguistic study of hedges was mainly from the aspect of semantics in 1970s, while in 1980s, scholars began to study hedges from the a
9、ngles of sociolinguistics, pragmatics, discourse analysis, etc. (Zeng, 2005). Until now, most researches focus on the field of pragmatics, such as discourse analysis on the basis of Grician theory. With the development of linguistic pragmatics, the study of hedge is extending to the functions it ser
10、ves in different research fields and particular genres. Academic discourse has been treated as a focus. It is noticeable that little work has been done in the interrelationship between hedges and political news. The purpose of this thesis focuses on a number of selected political news to study the 2
11、 realization of hedges in this field and decode from a pragmatic aspect as well as what reporters or politicians mean by using hedges in purpose. The research is expected to bring some significance as follows: Firstly, linguistically speaking, this study attempts to carry out a research on hedges in
12、 a new genre of discourse, the political news, and it is expected to improve the study on hedges in the domain of discourse analysis. Furthermore, it is helpful to understand the language of political news deeply plus the in- depth study of hedges in different discourses. Secondly, pragmatically, du
13、e to the contextual specialty, hedges are widely used in political discourse in order to achieve vagueness and appropriateness. However, there are few articles which can fully interpret why and how hedges are frequently used in this special domain, esp. political news. This thesis is intended to bri
14、ng some reasonable and practical interpretation to this phenomena and it is hoped that this study will shed light on the fields of political news language analysis. Thirdly, this thesis is in expectation to inspire both English language teachers and learners. Brown (1979) has pointed out that the En
15、glish learners as second language often sound bookish and pedantic because they do not know how to use vague expressions. For the same reason, most Chinese speakers seem to be unconscious of the hedging strategies in interactions, and they can not understand why they were considered impolite even if
16、 they did not say anything offensive. This study therefore provides a systematic analysis of hedging in political news, which will improve their understanding of hedging context and their level of reading English political news. Fourthly, in translation, the analysis of hedging strategy sheds light on better understanding of English political news, especially the exactivity of language and the accuracy of information, which makes sure the translation or interpretat
