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1、成都理工大学 硕士学位论文 枝花市土地利用/覆被变化监测及其时空演变分析 姓名：王丽丽 申请学位级别：硕士 专业：摄影测量与遥感 指导教师：余代俊 20100501 摘 要 I 攀枝花市土地利用/覆被变化监测及其时空演变分析 攀枝花市土地利用/覆被变化监测及其时空演变分析 作者简介：王丽丽，女，1983 年 02 月出生，师从成都理工大学余代俊副教 授，2010 年 6 月毕业于成都理工大学摄影测量与遥感专业，获得工学硕士学位。 摘 要摘 要 攀枝花是我国重要的矿产资源城市，经济的快速发展、政策法规的变革及矿 产资源的开发等因素促使攀枝花市的土地利用/覆被不断发生变化。客观、准确 的掌握攀枝花
2、市的土地利用现状和变化趋势，对指导攀枝花市建设、促进攀枝花 市的和谐可持续发展具有重要意义。 随着遥感技术和计算机图像处理技术的不断 成熟，遥感以其快速、实时、客观等优势条件被越来越多的应用到土地利用/覆 被动态监测中。 本文以攀枝花市为研究区，采用遥感技术为主要手段，在 ERDAS IMAGINE 和 ARCGIS 软件平台下，对攀枝花市 1989 年、2000 年和 2007 年的 LANDSAT/TM 遥感影像进行处理和人机交互式解译，采用分类后比较的方法提取攀枝花市 1989-2007 年三期三个阶段的土地利用/覆被动态变化的位置、面积和类型，以 此为基础，对攀枝花市土地利用/覆被的数
3、量变化、空间变化及类间转化进行分 析，得到了攀枝花市 1989-2007 年的土地利用/覆被变化特征。所取得主要成果 如下： （1）基本查明了攀枝花市 1989 年、2000 年、2007 年的土地利用/覆被现状 及攀枝花市 1989-2007 年土地利用/覆被变化情况，并编制了攀枝花市各期的土 地利用现状图和各阶段的土地利用动态分布图。 （2）攀枝花市 1989-2007 年的土地利用类型中，有 5 个一级地类的面积发 生了变化，其中有三种地类面积净增加，两种地类面积净减少。其中，面积增加 最多的地类为林地，增加了 27Xkm2；其次为水域，面积增加了 4X km2；建设用 地的面积增加最少
4、，增加了 12.4881km2；面积减少最多的地类为草地，减少了 27Xkm2；其次为耕地，减少了 5Xkm2。 （3）在攀枝花市土地利用动态变化中存在着频繁的类间转化现象，其中林 地转入最多主要由耕地和草地转入的，分别转入 3X km2和 26X km2，大量的耕 地和草地转化为林地，主要是退耕还林和易林荒山改造的结果；此外，部分林地 和耕地转化为了水域和建设用地，水域的增加主要是二滩水库建成并蓄水，使得 库区水位上升，两岸的耕地和林地被淹没的结果，建设用地的增加主要是城镇扩 摘 要 II 张的结果。 （4）攀枝花的耕地、建设用地和水域的空间分布和变化比较固定。耕地、 居民用地、交通用地主要
5、分布在金沙江、安宁河、三源河等水系沿岸，这些地类 的空间变化不大；林地的分布广泛，空间变化主要是其他地类的转入引起的，最 大的变化是锦屏山柏林山系林地面积的增加，草地分布比较零散，穿插于林地 中间。 以遥感技术为主进行土地利用/覆被动态监测，可提供客观、准确的土地利 用动态变化数据，为指导城市规划和建设提供了参考数据为。 关键词： 关键词：攀枝花 遥感 土地利用/覆被变化 监测 演变 Abstract III Analysis on the Spatial and Temporal evolvement and Dynamic of Land Use/Cover Change in Panzh
6、ihua Introduction of the author: Wang Lili, female, was born in Feb.,1983,whose tutor was Associate Professor Yu Daijun. She graduated from Chengdu University of Technology in Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing major and was granted the Master Degree in June,2010. Abstract The city of Panzhihua is an
7、 important mineral resources city of china. The factors, such as rapid development of economy, reform of policies and regulations, as well as the development of mineral resources have promoted the land use change continuously in Panzhihua. There is of great significance for promoting the sustainable
8、 development and the urban construction of panzhihua to master the status quo and the dynamic trend of land use of Panzhihua, in timely, objectively and accurately. With the development of the remote sensing technology and the computer image processing technique, remote sensing technology has been a
9、pplied to the land use/cover dynamic monitoring more and more for its rapidly ,timely and objectively. This paper takes Panzhihua as the studying area and adopts remote sensing technique as the main means. On the basis of softwares ERDAS IMAGINE and ARCGIS, the Landsat/TM remote sensing images of Pa
10、nzhihua in 1989, 2000 and 2007 were processed and human-computer interactive interpreted. The paper takes the methods of classification-comparison to extract the positions, area and types of the land use changes of three periods from 1989 to 2007. On the basis of the result, we analyse the area chan
11、ges, space-changes and classes-conversions of the land use/cover change in Panzhihua and obtain the land use / cover change features of Panzhihua from 1989 to 2007. The main results obtained are as follows: (1) Ascertain the land use/cover change from 1989 to 2007 and the land use/cover status quo o
12、f Panzhihua in 1989, 2000 and 2007. We also established the land use and the dynamic map. (2) Among the first land-use types of Panzhihua from 1989 to 2007, there are five types whose area changed. Among these land-use types, the area of three types increased, area of two types decreased. The type w
13、hose area increased largest is woodland, increased by 27Xkm2, the type whose area increased next is water area, Abstract IV increase by 4Xkm2, the increase of the construction-land area is least, increase by 1Xkm2. The type whose area decreased the largest is grassland, decrease by 27Xkm2, the type
14、whose area increased next is farmland, decrease by 5Xkm2. (3) There are frequently conversions between different land-use types. The area of the woodland increased the most. 3Xkm2 and 26Xkm2 of the farmland and the grassland switch to the woodland respectively. The execution for the green project an
15、d the transformed barren project leads to lots of farmland and grassland switch to woodland. Besides, parts of the woodland and farmland switch to water area and construction-land. The completion and impounding of Ertan reservoir is the mainly reason of the water area increased. With the water level
16、 rising, farmland and woodland on both sides of the reservoir were submerged which resulted in the water area enlarged. Urban expansion is the mainly reason which resulted in the construction-land area enlarged. (4) The farmland, construction land and water area whose spatial distribution and changes are relative stable. The land use types, such as farmland, residential land, traffic land whose spatial distribution changed little, are mainly distributed on the two sides of the rivers, such as
