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1、外文文献原文外文文献原文： Rapid MIMO-OFDM Software DefinedRadioSystem PrototypingAmit Gupta, Antonio Forenza, and Robert W. Heath Jr.Wireless Networking and Communications GroupDepartment of Electrical and Computer Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin1 University Station C0803, Austin, TX 78712-0240 U
2、SAPhone: +1-512-232-2014, Fax: +1-512-471-6512agupta, forenza, rheathece.utexas.eduAbstractMultiple input-multiple output (MIMO) is an attractivetechnology for future wireless systems. MIMO communication,enabled by the use of multiple transmit and multiplereceive antennas, is known for its high spec
3、tral efficiency aswell as its robustness against fading and interference. CombiningMIMO with orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM),it is possible to significantly reduce receiver complexity as OFDMgreatly simplifies equalization at the receiver. MIMO-OFDM iscurrently being considered for
4、 a number of developing wirelessstandards; consequently, the study of MIMO-OFDM in realisticenvironments is of great importance. This paper describes anapproach for prototyping a MIMO-OFDM system using a flexiblesoftware defined radio (SDR) system architecture in conjunctionwith commercially availab
5、le hardware. An emphasis on softwarepermits a focus on algorithm and system design issues rather thanimplementation and hardware configuration. The penalty of thisflexibility, however, is that the ease of use comes at the expenseof overall throughput. To illustrate the benefits of the proposedarchit
6、ecture, applications to MIMO-OFDM system prototypingand preliminary MIMO channel measurements are presented.A detailed description of the hardware is provided along withdownloadable software to reproduce the system. I. INTRODUCTIONMultiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) wireless systems use multiple t
7、ransmit and multiple receive antennas to increase capacity and provide robustness to fading 1. To obtain these benefits in broadband channels with extensive frequency selectivity,MIMO communication links require complex space time equalizers. The complexity of MIMO systems can be reduced, however, t
8、hrough orthogonal frequency division multiplexing(OFDM). OFDM is an attractive digital modulation technique that permits greatly simplified equalization at the receiver. With OFDM, the modulated signal is effectively transmitted in parallel over N orthogonal frequency tones.This converts a wideband
9、frequency selective channel into N narrowband flat fading channels. Currently OFDM is used in many wireless digital communication systems, such as the IEEE 802.11a/g 2, 3 standards for wireless local area networks(WLANs). MIMO-OFDM technology is in the process of being standardized by the IEEE Techn
10、ical Group 802.11n4 and promises to be a strong candidate for fourth generation(4G) wireless communication systems 5.As the theory behind MIMO-OFDM communication continues to grow, it becomes increasingly important to develop prototypes which can evaluate these theories in real world channel conditi
11、ons. During the past few years, a number of MIMO-OFDM prototypes have been developed 612.These implementations make use of FPGAs or DSPs, which require a large amount of low level programming and a fixedpointimplementation. This is the preferred solution when developing high-speed implementations; h
12、owever, it hinders the flexibility of the platform as these systems are not easily reconfigurable. As a result when experimenting with many different space-time coding schemes or receiver designs, a more flexible solution may be preferred.In this paper we propose a MIMO-OFDM system architecture base
13、d on the software defined radio (SDR) paradigm. The advantage of this approach lies in the fact that the user is not required to have in depth hardware knowledge and may implement a number of different schemes by simply reconfiguring the software. The platform uses National Instruments radiofrequenc
14、y (RF) hardware in conjunction with the LabVIEW graphical programming language. With this architecture, it is possible to define and simulate a system in a high level programming language and then seamlessly apply that code towards the hardware implementationthis greatly reduces the time involved in
15、 system prototyping. Compared with 612, our prototyping platform can easily be reduplicated as it consists of commercial-off-the-shelf hardware and publicly available software. A user who purchases the RF hardwarefrom National Instruments and downloads the available MIMO software toolkit along with
16、the prototyping code developed by the authors (available at 13, 14) can realize the same rapid prototyping benefits which we discuss in this paper.The flexibility of the current implementation of the prototype is limited by some hardware constraints, such as the bandwidth of the PCI bus, which prevents fully real-time transmission over the wireless link, and software constraints like our lack of complete synchronization algorithms
