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1、Business Statistic中国人民大学出版社 英文版 第五版 chapter18复习参考Part1名词解释1、 Statistics is a method of extracting useful information from a set of numerical data in order to make a more effective and informed decision.2、 Descriptive Statistics：These are statistical methods of organizing, summarizing and presenting
2、numerical data in convenient forms such as graphs, charts and tables.3、 Inferential statistics is defined as statistical methods used for drawing conclusions about a population based on samples.4、 Primary data is obtained first hand. 5、 Secondary data already exists or has been previously collected
3、such as company accounts, or sales figures.6、 Mean: The arithmetic average and the most common measure ofaaaaaaa central tendency. All values are included in computing the mean.A set of data has a unique mean The mean is affected by unusually large or small data points (outliers / extreme values).7、
4、 Mode: The most frequent data, or data corresponding to the highest frequency. Mode is not affected by extreme values. There may not be a mode. There may be several modes. Used for either numerical or categorical data.8、 Median is the value that splits a ranked set of data into two equal parts. Medi
5、an is not affected by extremely large or small values and is therefore a valuable measure of central tendency when such values occur.9、 Standard Deviation: A measure of the variation of data from the mean. The most commonly used measure of variation. Represented by the symbol s. Shows how the data i
6、s distributed around the mean.10、 Probability is the chance of an occurrence of an event. Probability of an event always lies between 0 and 1. The sum of the probabilities of every possible outcome or event is 1. The probability of the complement A is given by 1-P(A).11、 Properties of Normal distrib
7、ution：Continuous random variable. Bell-shaped & symmetrical. Mean, median, mode are equal Area under the curve is 1.12、 The Central Limited Theorem：If the population followed normal distribution, the sampling distribution of mean is followed normal distribution. If the population do not followed nor
8、mal distribution, but the sample size is larger than 30, the sampling distribution of mean is followed normal distribution.Part2选择题Topic 1 - Introduction to Business Statistics & Data CollectionQ1. The universe or totality of items or things under consideration is called:a. a sample. b. a population
9、. c. a parameter. d. none of the above. Q2. Those methods involving the collection, presentation, and characterization of a set of data in order to properly describe the various features of that set of data are called:a. inferential statistics. b. total quality management. c. sampling. d. descriptiv
10、e statistics. Q3. The portion of the universe that has been selected for analysis is called:a. a sample. b. a frame. c. a parameter. d. a statistic. Q4. A summary measure that is computed to describe a numerical characteristic from only a sample of the population is called:a. a parameter. b. a censu
11、s. c. a statistic. d. the scientific method. Q5. A summary measure that is computed to describe a characteristic of an entire population is called:a. a parameter. b. a census. c. a statistic. d. total quality management. Q6. The process of using sample statistics to draw conclusions about population
12、 parameters is called:a. inferential statistics. b. experimentation. c. primary sources. d. descriptive statistics. Q7. Which of the four methods of data collection is involved when a person retrieves data from an online database?a. published sources. b. experimentation. c. surveying. d. observation
13、. Q8. Which of the four methods of data collection is involved when people are asked to complete a questionnaire?a. published sources. b. experimentation. c. surveying. d. observation. Q9. Which of the four methods of data collection is involved when a person records the use of the Los Angeles freew
14、ay system?a. published sources. b. experimentation. c. surveying. d. observation. Q10. A focus group is an example of which of the four methods of data collection?a. published sources. b. experimentation. c. surveying. d. observation. Q11. Which of the following is true about response rates?a. The l
15、onger the questionnaire, the lower the rate. b. Mail surveys usually produce lower response rates than personal interviews or telephone surveys. c. Question wording can affect a response rate. d. d. All of the above. Q12. Which of the following is a reason that a manager needs to know about statisti
16、cs?a. To know how to properly present and describe information. b. To know how to draw conclusions about the population based on sample information. c. To know how to improve processes. d. All of the above. Scenario 1-1Questions 13-15 refer to this scenario:An insurance company evaluates many variables a
