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1、(全国通用版)版高考英语大一轮复习单元检测卷UnitAlandofdiversity 作者： 日期：2 个人收集整理，勿做商业用途。内部文件，版权追溯内部文件，版权追溯Unit 1 A land of diversity .阅读理解A(2018东北师大附中高三段考)In the 1500s when the Spanish moved into what later was to become the southwestern United States, they came across the ancestors of the modernday Pueblo, Hopi, and Zun
2、i peoples. These ancestors, known variously as the basket makers, the Anasazi, or the ancient ones, had lived in the area for at least 2,000 years. They were an advanced agricultural people who used irrigation to help grow their crops.The Anasazi lived in houses constructed of adobe(土砖) and wood. An
3、asazi houses were originally built in holes and were entered from the roof. But around the year 700 AD, the Anasazi began to build their homes above ground and join them together into groups of multistoried large buildings, which the Spanish called pueblos or villages. Separate rooms under the groun
4、d in these pueblosknown as kivaswere set aside for religious ceremonies. Each kiva had a hole that was believed to lead to the underworld. The largest pueblos had five stories and more than 800 rooms.The Anasazi family was matrilinear(母系遗传的). The holy objects of the family were under the control of
5、the oldest female, but the actual ceremonies were conducted by her brother, or son. Women owned the rooms in the pueblo and the crops, once they were harvested. While still growing, crops belonged to the men, who, in contrast to most other native American groups, planted them. The women made baskets
6、 and pottery; the men made cloth and jewelry.Each village had two chiefs. The village chief dealt with land disputes(争议) and religious affairs. The war chief led the men in fighting during occasional conflicts that broke out with neighboring villages and directed the men in community building projec
7、ts. The solid political and social organization of the Anasazi made it almost impossible for other groups to conquer them.语篇导读本文为说明文，介绍了16世纪的阿纳萨齐人的生产方式，劳动分工以及部落首领的职责等内容。1What do we know about the Anasazi people?AThey were good at growing crops. BThey were immigrants from Spain.CThey stored their cro
8、ps in caves.DThey had battles against the Spanish.解析 A细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句可知，他们擅长种植农作物，故选A项。2What does the underlined word “they”(Paragraph 3) refer to?AWomen. BPueblos.CRooms. DCrops.解析 D代词指代题。该词所在句子.once they were harvested用的是被动语态，也就是说they是harvest这个动作的承受者，根据上文内容可以判断，此处指上文中的the crops，即：收割农作物，故选D项。3What
9、can be concluded from the text?AThe Anasazi benefited from trade with the Spanish.BThe division of labor in Anasazi society was clear.CThe Spanish caused harm to Anasazi society.DConstant conflicts existed in Anasazi society.解析 B推理判断题。第三段讲到阿纳萨齐人的劳动分工问题，即：最年长的女性掌握着家族的圣物，但实际仪式由她的兄弟或儿子举行；妇女拥有普韦布洛的房间和粮食
10、，生长中的农作物由男性管理；妇女制作篮子和陶器，男性制作布料和首饰。由此可见，阿纳萨齐人有明确的劳动分工，故选B项。4What can best describe the Anasazi?AAggressive.BHonest.CUnited. DSelfish.解析 C推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，阿纳萨齐人的每个村庄的两个首领各司其职，配合良好。根据最后一句可知，阿纳萨齐人内部是很团结的，故选C项。BWhen its five oclock, people leave their office. The length of the workday, for many workers, is
11、 defined by time. They leave when the clock tells them theyre done.These days, the time is everywhere: not just on clocks or watches, but on cellphones and computers. That may be a bad thing, particularly at work. New research shows on that clockbased work schedules hinder morale and creativity.Cloc
12、ktimers organize their day by blocks of minutes and hours. For example: a meeting from 9 am to 10 am, research from 10 am to noon, etc. On the other hand, tasktimers have a list of things they want to accomplish. They work down the list, each task starts when the previous task is completed. It is sa
13、id that all of us employ a mix of both these types of planning.What, then, are the effects of thinking about time in these different ways? Does one make us more productive? Better at the tasks at hand? Happier? In experiments conducted by Tamar Avnet and AnneLaure Sellier, they had participants orga
14、nize different activitiesfrom project planning, holiday shopping, to yogaby time or todo list to measure how they performed under “clock time” vs “task time”. They found clocktimers to be more efficient but less happy because they felt little control over their lives. Task timers are happier and mor
15、e creative, but less productive. They tend to enjoy the moment when something good is happening, and seize opportunities that come up.The researchers argue that taskbased organizing tends to be undervalued and undersupported in the business culture. Smart companies, they believe, will try to take more taskbased planning into their strategies.This might be a small change to the way we view work and the office, but the r
