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1、Unit 1PART FOCUSDenotation and ConnotationSuggested answer to the questionIf it is your teacher, most probably you will choose b, as the word portly has an implication of a more or less dignified and imposing appearance (e.g. an elderly gentleman, large and portly). However, if it is a doorkeeper, a
2、n amiable middle-aged woman, you may choose the word plump as it implies a pleasing fullness of figure (e.g. the plump goddesses of Renaissance paintings). From this exercise we can conclude that words that share the same denotative meanings can be diverse in their connotative meanings.Reference for
3、 the Classroom Activities1. father: the male parent. It connotes support and sternness; it also connotes protection but in a serious fashion.wildflower: uncultivated plant; it connotes vitality and pleasantness.2.WordDenotationConnotationSentencegolda precious yellow metalwealth, value, preciousness
4、, etcSilence is gold.moonthe natural body that moves around the earth once every 28 daystranquility, purity, something out of reach, etc.Theres no point hoping for peace in the country. Its like asking for the moon.icewater frozen so that it has become solidcoldness, indifference, cruelty, death, et
5、c.The ice in his voice was only to hide the pain.bloodred liquid flowing through the bodies of humans and animalsfamily background, descent, race, temperament, etc.Blood is thicker than water.2. a. In the West, every male person has the good qualities of males, such as bravery, spirit, and toughness
6、.b. Anyway, she has the characteristics of a woman, such as frailty and delicacy.AttitudeReference for the Classroom Activities1. FavorableNeutralUnfavorableunique, quaintstrangebizarre, abnormalresolute, steadfaststubborn, doggedpigheadedcompliment (v.)praise, commend, flatterlick ones bootssenior
7、citizenold personfossilbachelor girlsingle womanspinster2. a. uniqueb. pigheadedc. flatteredd. fossile. spinsterCollocationSuggested answers to the exercisea. do somebody a favorb. do somebody goodc. make a gestured. do evile. do harmf. make an effortReference for the Classroom Activities1. 1) D 2)
8、D 3) A 4) B 5) C 6) C 7) BFalse FriendsSuggested answers to the questionThe misunderstanding occurs due to the use of homonyms or false friendsflour or flower, ground (as the past participle of the verb grind) and ground (meaning the solid surface of the earth). In this excerpt, the use of false fri
9、ends adds a humorous effect to the text.Reference for the Classroom Activities1. The false friends are lie meaning to keep ones body in a flat position, and lie meaning to say something dishonest.2. a. Your fever rose yesterday.b. That racket is bad enough to make Aunt Ellas eyebrows raised.c. Jack
10、has been lying around all day.d. The soldiers laid aside their weapons.e. A heavy fog lay over the land.f. White stationery is always appropriate.g. Is that table stationary, or can it be moved to another corner of the room?h. It is easier to talk about a principle than to live by it.i. Our principa
11、l played on the faculty football team against the school all-stars.3. Some other false friends:fair vs. fareIts not fair to put all the blame on him.Bus fares are going up again.passed vs. pastI passed the landlady on the stairs this morning.Several boys went past us on mountain bikes.intense vs. in
12、tensiveShe suddenly felt an intense pain in her stomach.He took an intensive course on English.farther vs. furtherThe fogs so thick; I cant see farther than about five meters.Every day she thinks further and further into depression.PART III GARMMARSubject-Verb AgreementWhen the subject is compoundRe
13、ference for the Classroom ActivitiesSummary1. A compound subject with and takes a plural verb in most cases, but when it expresses a singular meaning or when each of the singular subjects is considered individually, it takes a singular verb.2. After a compound subject with or, nor, eitheror, neither
14、nor, notbut, the verb agrees in number and person with the nearer part of the subject.3. Intervening phrases or clauses not introduced by coordinating conjunctions do not affect the number of a verb. Such phrases are normally introduced by prepositions or prepositions or prepositional phrases such a
15、s as well as, as much as, rather than, along with, in addition to, together with, with, plus, and including.When the subject expresses quantityReference for the Classroom ActivitiesSummary1. Nominal phrases of time, money, weight and measurement normally take a singular verb.2. Some words or phrases, such as all, most, half, the last, the rest, take a singular or plural verb, depending on the meaning of the noun or pronoun that follows.3. Phrases like lots of, heaps of, loads of take singular or plural verbs depending on the form of the nouns that follow.4. In sen
