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1、短暂性动词与延续性动词相互转换对应表短暂性动词延续性动词现在完成时arrive at(in)get to/reach come/go/move to.be in /athave been in /atcome back/go back/returnbe backhave been backcome out/go outbe out have been outbecomebe have beenclosebe closedhave been closedopen(v)be open(adj.)have been openget upbe uphave been updiebe deadhave
2、been deadleavebe away fromhave been away fromfall asleep/get to sleepbe asleephave been asleep finish/endbe overhave been overmarry/get marriedbe married have been marriedbegin/startbe on have been onborrowkeephave keptbuyhavehave hadput onwearcatch/get a coldhave a coldhave had a coldget to knowkno
3、whave knownhave/has gone tohave/has been injoin the league/the Party/the armybe a member/members of; be in have been a member/members of;have been in语法讲解：1. 现在完成时表示过去发生的某一动作或存在的状态，一直持续到现在，并可以和以for或since引导的表示一段时间的状语连用，也可以用在以“howlong”提问的句子中，句子中的谓语动词一般为延续性动词。例：HehasbeenawayfromBeijingfortwoyears.=Helef
4、tBeijingtwoyearsago.Whendidthetrainarrivehere?B.Howlong_thetrain_here?2. 在现在完成时的肯定句中，非延续性动词作谓语动词时，不能和表示一段时间的状语连用。但可以用其他句式来表示同一个意思。例：Lucy has come back.Theoldmandied4yearsago.= Theoldmanhasbeendeadfor4years.HehasbeenawayfromBeijingfortwoyears.=HeleftBeijingtwoyearsago.=ItistwoyearssinceheleftBeijing.
5、=TwoyearshaspassedsinceheleftBeijing.3.非延续性动词可以在现在完成时的否定句中作谓语，并可以与for，since引导的时间状语连用，表示动作的延续过程。例如：Shehasntboughtanynewclothessincelastyear. Ihaventborrowedthebookforalongtime.巩固习题：1.Whenhearrivedatthebusstop,thebus_for20minutes.A. hasleftB.hadleftC.hasbeenawayD.hadbeenaway2. I_theLeaguefor5yearssofa
6、r.A.joinedB.havejoinedC.havebeenin3.Thefactory_sincetheFebruaryof1988.A.hasbeenopenB.hasopenedC.wasopenD.opened4. MaryandRose_friendssincetheymetin2000.A. havemadeB.havebeenC.madeD.havebecome5.Themeeting_foraweeknow.A.hasfinishedB.hasendedC.hasbeenover6.MissGao_thisschoolfornearly5years.A.hasbeeninB
7、.hascometoC.hastaught7.Ben_ateacherfor4years.A.hasbeenB.hasbecomeC.wasD.became8.I_homeforaweek.A.havereturnedB.havebeenbackC.returned9.Howlong_he_?A.diedB.has,diedC.has,beendead10.-HowlongcanI_thebook?-Twoweeks.A.borrowB.lendC.getD.keep11.He_thecarforaweek.A.boughtB.hasboughtC.hashad12.-Howlong_you_
8、ill?-Twoweeks.A.didfallB.have,fellC.have,been13.Since2000,he_hishometown.A.hasleftB.hasmovedawayC.hasbeenawayfrom14.Illlendyouthebook,butyoucanonly_itfor2days.A.borrowB.keepC.take15.Thebus_ontheroadfor2hourssofar.A.hasstoppedB.stoppedC.hasbeen16.Tomisillinhospital.He_acoldforseveraldays.A.isB.catchesC.hascaughtD.hashad17.He_for2hours.A.gotupB.hasgotupC.hasbeenup
