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1、不同词汇区别 港口-英文单词 1.preface During my trip to Canada I stayed in a coastal city Vancouver where I heard these words a lot. Being born and raised in a Brazilian inland city Blumenau the definition of those words were overlapping inside my head; I couldnt understand their differences and neither could so
2、me native Canadians. When I asked them some would stop to think about it and start discussing with each other whether a specific place is a quay or harbour, for instance. Now, after researching (i.e. googling) for a while, Im here to share with you what Ive found. 2. Port A location on a shore conta
3、ining one or more harbors where ships can dock and transfer cargo/people to/from land. These locations can be huge and sometimes become the main economic activity of a city. In the premises of a port you will usually find a lot of stacked shipping containers as well as lined up cranes. It differenti
4、ates from a harbour as it involves all the warehouses, container parks and wharves, whereas harbour is only the enclosed/protected water area. Port Metro Vancouver A port is defined as an area on both land and water, whether on the sea or river, that provides facilities for shipping vessels to load
5、and unload their cargo. This area, contained within port limits, will have been established over years of increasing or declining trade patterns and therefore is defined as the human set limits. There may be several harbours and/or terminals within the port limits. A good example of this is Sydney,
6、new South Wales, Australia where the port contains several harbours, including Port Jackson, North and Middle Harbours. Further to this there are also several port types where different trade restrictions apply: 1. Free Ports, ports where international trade can be conducted with less strict Customs
7、 regulations, so saving time on paperwork and bottomline costs. Very useful if looking to transship cargo through a regional hub port. For that reason many regional hubs tend to have Free Port Zones. An example of this is Yangshan in China, Shanghais deep water port. 2. Closed Ports, ports where for
8、eign trade vessels are barred and only national coastal traffic is handled. This is the case with some feeder ports especially Japan. This may be down to a number of reasons, but usually due to the fact there are no Immigration or Customs authorities based at or near the port. It also protects the n
9、ational fleet from being undercut by cheaper foreign vessels. 3.Harbour Spelled “harbor” in AmE, its a place on the coast where ships may moor in shelter. Its an area protected from rough water by piers, jetties, and other artificial or natural structures. Some harbours are considered natural becaus
10、e the “structures” that protect the coast are part of their natural topography Capri harbor, Italy. By Adrian Pingstone. A harbour tends to be a physical area where water meets land and results in a sheltered bay, such as Botany Bay in New South Wales, Australia. It may also be a result of an area o
11、f water enclosed by human intervention such as the building of breakwaters in the open sea.A good example of this is Portland Harbour in the United Kingdom. 4.Terminal A terminal is defined as a single man- made facility that may have several berths, that handles vessels and possibly more than one t
12、ype of vessel or cargo. There are two types of terminal: 1. those within coastal often sheltered waters with a land bridge, such as Jose Gas Terminal in Venezeula. 2. those in open often deep water exposed to the elements with no land bridge. A good example of this is Louisiana Offshore Oil Port (LO
13、OP) in Louisiana, USA. Each terminal usually has a primary operator, but may also be a common-user facility under the control of the Port Authority or third party. 5.Dock Its not easy to define it as there are differences between AmE and BrE. In BrE, a dock is an enclosed area of water where vessels
14、 enter to load/unload goods or get some kind of maintenance done. Its artificially made and the water inside it is typically controllable by gates which avoids tide variation. A dock in BrE can also be a dry one which is used besides for vessels maintenance for their whole construction. When it come
15、s to the AmE, a dock is synonymous with wharf, quay, or pier. Capri harbor, Italy. By Adrian Pingstone 6.Wharf and Quay I know, quay has a weird pronunciation, doesnt it? Well, thats English. I have to admit when I heard people pronouncing “Lonsdale Key” I though “what the heck? dont they know how t
16、o pronounce kway?”. It turned out I was wrong, touch. Both wharf and quay are platforms (made of concrete, stone, or metal) lying alongside or projecting into water for loading and unloading vessels. It has one or more berths where vessels can moor to it. Berths are kind of small and narrow piers, like branches of the quay/wharf. You can see a lot of them between the boats in the San Francisco Fishermans Wharf picture. According to some people
