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1、年上海高考英语词汇手册新增词汇(详解版) 作者： 日期：2 2019上海高考英语考纲词汇新变化（详解版）（说明：黄色字体代表新增加的词汇及新语义；蓝色字体代表语义新变化；红色字体代表语义已删除。）1. aboutprep.关于；在周围；在各处；在附近；（时间上）在前后（或左右）ad.在四周；到处2.allowancen.津贴，补贴；零用钱Many children first learn the value of money by receiving anallowance.（2013嘉定一模）很多孩子首先通过领取津贴来学习金钱的价值。3. alphabetn.（一种语言的）全部字母，字母表；
2、初步，入门；基础知识V lies inUandWintheEnglishalphabet.在英语字母表中，V位于U与W之间。4. annual a.每年的；年度的n.年刊She will help Wendy prepare herannualreport.她将帮助温迪准备她的年度报告。（2017普陀一模）Kings College Summer School is anannualtraining program for high school students at all levels who want to improve their English.国王学院暑期学校是一项针对各级高中
3、生，希望提高英语水平的年度培训课程。(2017金山中学)5. anymoread.再也（不），（不）再He noticed that he didnt think about smokinganymore.他注意到他不再考虑吸烟了。(2016徐汇区二模)You wont have any excuse to skip classanymore.你不会有任何理由再逃课了。(2018奉贤二模)6. appn.（下载到智能手机或平板电脑等设备上使用的）应用软件；应用程序（application的缩略）You may be surprised by how much you dish out on S
4、tarbucks after using theappfor a while.在使用该应用程序一段时间后，您可能会惊讶地发现星巴克的菜肴数量。(2018徐汇一模)7. applaudvt.向鼓掌；向喝彩；称赞vi.鼓掌；喝彩8. appliance n.器具；器械They will be able to collect real-time information on their energy use for eachappliance.他们将能够收集有关每个器械的能源使用情况的实时信息。（2013闵行二模）9. applicationn.应用；申请（表）；（计）应用程序I was actua
5、lly hoping you could write me a reference letter for my law schoolapplication.我实际上希望你能给我写一封我的法学院申请的推荐信。（2017崇明一模）The robotic fly has been put into wideapplication.机器人飞行已被广泛应用。(2013上海高考)10. arousevt.唤醒；引起；使奋发；使行动起来vi.醒来；发奋Welcome to a never-before-seen world of wonder where you canarousethe magical d
6、ream within your heart.欢迎来到一个前所未有的奇迹世界，在这里您可以唤起内心的神奇梦想。（2017虹口一模）But I strongly support this kind of activity which mayarousepeoples concern about the environment by using less power.但我强烈支持这种可能会通过减少用电来引起人们对环境的关注的活动。（2011普陀二模）11. arrive vi.到达；到来；达成(at)Too many studies test too few subjects toarriveat
7、 firm conclusions.太多的研究测试的受试者太少，无法得出确切的结论。（2018徐汇二模）12. awakea.醒着的；意识到的；认识到的(to)vi.醒；觉醒vt.唤醒；使觉醒Perhaps keeping one side of the brainawakeallows a sleeping animal to surface occasionally to avoid drowning.也许保持大脑的一侧清醒可以使睡眠动物偶尔浮出水面以避免溺水。（2011交大附中）13. awakenvt.唤醒；使意识到；认识到的(to)vi.醒；觉醒；意识到；认识到(to)Not onl
8、y does traveling force you toawakenyour inner word bank, but it also teaches you about the large number of cultural quirks.旅行不仅强迫你认识到你内心文字库，而且它还教你大量文化怪癖。（2017复旦附中）We suddenlyawakened tothe realization that our friendship was over.我们突然意识到我们的友谊结束了。14backgroundn.背景；背景资料；出身背景Success does not depend on f
9、amilybackground, but depends on diligence and good family education.成功不取决于家庭背景，而是取决于勤奋和良好的家庭教育。（2017七宝中学）15. bargainn.协定,协议；特价商品；交易；廉价（品）vi.讨价，讨价还价The cost of tuition and theavailability offinancial aid are other considerations, with public institutions generallya betterfinancialbargainthan private
10、ones.学费和经济援助的可用性是其他考虑因素，公共机构通常比私人机构更便宜。（2015闵行一模）16. bedn.床；就寝时间；（河）床；（湖、海的）底Your mind may start to connect yourbedwith work, which will make it harder for you to fall asleep.你的思绪可能会开始将你的床与工作连接起来，这将使你更难入睡。（2012宝山一模）17. behalfn.利益；方面；支持on behalf of代表.一方；作为.的代言人；为了.的利益Many adults in counseling session
11、s still recall with gratitude the one time that a stranger stepped inon their behalf咨询会议中的许多成年人仍然感激地回忆起一个陌生人进来代表他们（2018徐汇一模）MPAA is a nonprofit organization formed by six large studios to workon behalf ofthe film industry.MPAA是由六家大型工作室组成的非营利组织，代表电影业工作。（2015黄浦一模）18. behavevi.举止端正；表现vt.(oneself)检点（自己的
12、）行为Parents must provide the best environment andbehavethemselves better.父母必须提供最好的环境，让自己更好地行事。（2010十校联考）19. bonusn.额外给予的东西；奖金；津贴I have found that having male nurses is a realbonus, and they definitely have a place in our hospital.我发现拥有男护士是一个真正的奖金，他们肯定在我们医院占有一席之地。（2014浦东一模）Parents and teachers are som
13、etimes reluctant to offer a reward to a young person for doing something he or she should like for its own sake-a monetarybonusfor reading a book, for example.父母和老师有时不愿意为年轻人做出他或她“应该”喜欢的事情而给予奖励-例如，读书的金钱奖金。（2017八校联考）20. boomn.低沉有回响的声音；隆隆声；嗡嗡声；（经济等思维）繁荣（期）；（价格等的）暴涨；（事业等的）突然好转v.发出低沉有回响的声音；发出隆隆声（或嗡嗡声）；使繁
14、荣；（使）迅速发展Maybe the booksboomhas affected only the top of the educational pile.也许书籍繁荣只影响了教育的最高层。（2012吴淞中学）Websites about dieting wouldboom.关于节食的网站将会迅速发展。（2017普陀一模）21. botanyn.植物学；（一个地区的）植物生态Workshops are very loosely organized and most represent discussions that have been held at Society for EconomicBotany(SEB) meetings over a series of years.研讨会组织得非常松散，大多数代表了多年来在经济植物学会（SEB）会议上进行的讨论。（2014青浦一模）22. bow2n.狐状物；弓，弓形物
