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1、课文原句再现,1.Unfortunately,the doctors dont know how to make me better. 2.I used to dream about playing professional football. 3.it is difficult to know what the future holds. 4.Sometimes I was too weak to go to school. 5.My ambition is to work for a firm. 6.I have a very busy life with no time to sit a
2、round feeling sorry for myself. 7.To look after my pets takes a lot of time. 8.I have to work hard to live a normal life.,动词不定式,不定式由“to+do”构成,其否定形式是“not/never to do”。不定式可以带宾语或状语构成不定式短语,没有人称和数的变化,但有时态和语态的变化。不定式可以作主语、宾语、状语、表语和定语，但不能单独作谓语。不定式的复合结构是“for + sb.+ to do” 。,一、不定式的构成,二. 不定式的时态与语态,不定式,to do,to
3、 be done,to be doing,to have done,to have been done,-,记住：动词不定式有“三式”和“两态”,(1).They pretended not to see us.,(2).He pretended to be sleeping.,(3).She pretended to have known it before.,(一般式表示与谓语的动作同时发生或发生在 谓语动作之后.),(进行式表示与谓语动作同时发生),(完成式表示发生在谓语动作之前),(4).Its a great honor for me to be invited to do the
4、voluntary work for the disabled.,(被动式表示动作与其逻辑主语之间是被动关系),1. 作主语,2. 作宾语,3. 作宾语补足语,4. 作定语,5. 作状语,6. 作表语,7. 作独立成分,8. 与疑问词等连用,三. 不定式的句法功能,1.To look after my pets properly takes a lot of time. 2.it is difficult to know what the future holds. 3.Its not right to make fun of the disabled.,(1). 主语,单个不定式作主语时,谓
5、语动词用单数 若不定式太长,常用it作形式主语,不定式置后.,1. My ambition is to work for a firm that develops computer software. 2. To see is to believe.,(2). 表语,think/consider/find it + adj.+ to do,1and a big company has decided to buy it from me. 2.I found it worthwhile to study psychology.,(3) 宾语,常用动词不定式作宾语的动词有： hope, refus
6、e, learn, set out, choose, decide, agree, manage, pretend, plan,etc.,若不定式太长,常用it作形式宾语,不定式置后.,The teacher told me to clean the blackboard. I expect you to give me some help.,(4). 宾补,五”看”,watch see look at notice observe,三“使”,let have make,二”听”,listen to hear,一”感觉”:,feel,半”帮”：,help,e.g. I made him do
7、his work.,He was made to do his work (by me).,注意:,1 help 后面的“to” 可以省去, 构成 : help sb. (to) do sth.,2不定式用在其余11个动词后面作宾语时， 主动语态的句子中省去“to” ；被动语态的 句中不省to。构成（以make为例）：,3不定式用在but, except, besides后时,如果这些介词前有实义动词do(或do的各种形式),那么不定式要省去to；否则要带to,(1). She could do nothing but cry. (2). I have no choice but to go.
8、 (3). What do you like to do besides sleep？,1.He has a lot of homework to do . 2.He is looking for a room to live in . 3.There is nothing to worry about.,(5).定语,(如果不定式中的动词是vi.,则不定式中要添加介词.),Ex：请给我一支写字的钢笔.,Please give me a pen to write with.,: 放在被修饰词的后面,熟读： 1. I live a very busy life with no time to s
9、it around feeling sorry for myself. 2.If I had a chance to say one thing to healthy people, it would be this: 3.Women and children were the first to be saved in the accident. 4. The firm thought of many ways to develop computer software.,1.I have to work hard to live a normal life. 2.Sometimes I was
10、 too weak to go to school. (= I was not strong enough to go to school.) 3.She resigned her position (in order to/so as to) to look after her children. 4.I am happy to have found many things I can do,like writing and computer programming. 5.He hurried to the airport,only to find the flight had taken
11、off. 对比:The glass fell to the ground,breaking into pieces.,(6) 状语（表示目的、原因或结果）,(7).独立结构,to be frank to be honest to tell the truth to begin with to be exact,(8).不定式与疑问词who,which,when,how, what,where等连用,在句中可充当主.表.宾,课文原句：不幸的是,医生们不知道如何治好我的病。,Unfortunately,the doctors dont know how to make me better.,He
12、didnt know what to say. Where to hold the party is being discussed. My question is when to start.,注意：,不定式与why连用时，只用于why或why not开头的简短疑问句中，且后面跟的不定式不带to， 即：Why/Why not + do ? 1.Why not conduct the interview right now? 2.Why congratulate her?,关于不定式中的小品词to,(1).不定式中的动词上文已出现过,下文要 省略该动词.,eg: Would you like
13、to go with me ? Id like to.,(2).不定式是to be/to have been结构, 承上省略时,be /have been不可省.,eg: Would you like to be a teacher? Id like to be.,Exercise,1爱和被爱都很幸福。 _are both great happiness. 2中国人民决不会屈服。 The Chinese people refuse _. 3据说他已经完成了他的工作。 He is said _. 4 根据报道他们已安全到达。 They are reported _.,To love and to
14、 be loved,to give in,to have finished/completed his work,to have arrived safely,5 我想叫人立刻修理这辆自行车。 I want this bike _. 6 玛利仿佛已经被告知这件事了。 Mary seemed _. 7众所周知,奥运会上他被授予了一枚金牌。 He is known _ a gold medal at the Olympic.,to be repaired immediately,to have been told about it,to have been awarded,He was overh
15、eard to say that he hoped John would resign. Peter was made to wait outside. He was heard to unlock the door and go out. The man was seen to shoot the woman on the street. The old lady was noticed to wipe her face with a handkerchief.,I forgot to ask you to go to the bank. It is very important to tu
16、rn off the electricity before you check the machine. I know how to make a mouse out of my handkerchief. Luckily, we dont have much more work to do. She was very pleased to have the opportunity to travel while she was young. She has been very successful in her work, and now her greatest wish is to get married and
