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1、 Vocabularies Lesson 11. 词根词缀法-根据单词构词结构（参见第三章）2. 联想记忆法-根据单词拼写、发音特点联想（参见文中表示）3. 同义、近义记忆法-根据相同或相近意思注意积累记忆（参见文中=表示）4. 反义记忆法-根据单词正反义双向记忆（参见第四章）5. 模糊记忆法-根据外形相似的特点总结区分记忆（参见第三章-词根例词等）6. 分类记忆法-根据单词含义分类为不同领域范围（参见第六、七章）7. 短语记忆法-根据单词固定搭配，以词组记忆（参见第八章）u 音标讲解u 单词构成要素（一）-前缀 prefixu 练习u Homework 一、音标（一）发音的重要性一旦单词发音
2、不准，直接影响听力、口语方面的发展；还会影响单词拼写的正确率（二）国际音标1. 元音 Vowell 12个单元音a: are car far e yes yellow bed ae cat bad dad pot got dog : call tall or cut nut but mother color cooler : curtain further furi ink big pig i: jeep tea eat u good book look u: cool zoo tooll 8个双元音ei age eight make ai ice bike nice i toy oil bo
3、y u old joke gold au cloud mouth cow air fair chair i ear near year u poor tour 2. 辅音 Consonantsl 10个清辅音p pot pig put people piano t tooth teacher tea table taskk cake keep cat cup capf father fat foot full fit eighth forth tenth eleventh ninths small study bus yes mustts students coats catstr tree
4、truck train tram cash bush shake shoe shipt chair chicken lunchl 10个浊辅音b book bag big job bear but d dog dig duck dad double g grandpa girl green good god v five very vent drive vary those these that this therez jazz zoo zero clothes zig dz beds odds codes dr dress drink drain measure pleasure leisu
5、re d jack job changel 其他8个辅音h hello hurry heym mum moon morning n moon nut needle l look leg lake ink link ring r rain radio room j yellow yes you w window wake week 二、前缀 prefix -改变单词词义 1. 表示否定意义的前缀（1）纯否定前缀l a-, an-amateur n 业余爱好者 a业余的；非专业的anonymous a 匿名的 asocial a 不好社交的l dis-,dif- dishonest a 不诚实的d
6、islike a 不喜欢的e.g: You may dislike some types of food because they do not look, smell or taste very nice.disabled a 残废的；无能的e.g: Charity shops raise more than $10 million a year, funding medical research, overseas aid, supporting sick and poor children, homeless and disabled people and much more.disad
7、vantage n 不利；缺点=spot=demerit=defect=shortcoming advantage n 有点；优势=merit advance n/v 前进；提升e.g: There are advantages and disadvantages with emails.disagree v 不同意；不适宜e.g: I disagree with this view。 disagreement n 不同意；意见不同disappointment n 失望disappearance n 消失；不见disaster n 灾难=catastrophe=calamity klmtidi
8、scount n 折扣discourage v 使泄气；使气馁e.g: Another practice that discouraged maternal英mt:nl（母亲的） attachment （依恋，依附，附属物）was tightly wrapping （包裹）infants.discrimination n 歧视 discriminate between 区分 discriminate against 歧视distinguish v 区别；鉴别 distinction n 区别；级别；特性=feature=specialty=uniquee.g: Over the course
9、of training, the program starts asking you to distinguish sounds of an increasing faster speed.distribute v 分发；分派；散布 （distribution 分配，分布）l in-, ig-, il, im, irincapable a 无能力的inability n 无能impossible a 不可能的 immoral a 不道德的illegal a 不合法的irregular a 无规律的incorrect a 不正确的innocent a 无辜的；无恶意的irrational a 不
10、理性的inexact a 不精确的independent a 独立的；不依靠的informal a 不正式的injustice a 不公正的=biasimbalance n 不平衡impolite a 无礼貌的l neg-neglect v 忽视；忽略=ignorel non-none pron 无任何东西或人，无一人non-stop a 不停的；不断的non-violent a 无暴力的nonsense a 无意义的nonsmoker n 不吸烟的人l un- unable a 不能的；不会的e.g: To be unavailable to our friends and family,
11、and to be unable to find time to relax-this has become the model of a success life.uncertain a 不确定的；无常的unbreakable a 不能被打破的unbelievable a 不可信的unrest n 不安的状态，动荡的局面unlike a 不同的；不相似的e.g: Unlike modern animal scientists, dinosaur （英dans:(r) 恐龙、落伍的人）scientists cannot sit on a hillside and use telescopes
12、to watch dinosaurs in order to know how they lived and whether they were good parents.unfortunate a 不幸的；不适宜的；不吉利的 n 不幸之人uncomfortable a 不舒服的unconscious a 失去只觉得=senseless unemployment a 失业；失业率undivided a 分不开的；专一的；专心的undo v 解开；松开unfair a 不公平的；不公正的unfit a 不合时宜的；不相配的unfold v 拆开（fold折叠）unhealthy a 不健康的un
13、important a 不重要的unknown a 不知道的unless conj 除非；如果不unmarried a 未婚的；独身的unpleasant a 令人不愉快的unrest a 不安全的；危险的unsuccessful a 不成功的；失败的untrue a 不真实的；假的unusual a 不平常的；异常的unwilling a 不情愿的（will愿意的）（2）表示错误；坏；不良l male-, mal-malfunction n 故障；失灵maladjustment n 失调；不适应malformation n 畸形（formation n.形成; 构成，结构; 形成物; 编队，
14、队形;）maltreat v 虐待（abuse 虐待）malnutrition n 营养不良l mis-mistake v 把误认为mislead v 误导misspell v 拼错misread v 看错；拼错misuse v 误用；错用misunderstand v 误解（3）表示反动作；除去；向下l de-decline v下倾；下降e.g: Maybe the decline is caused by the increasing availability of computes games.decrease v 减少；下降=reduce=go down=declineincrease n/v 增加；增大；上升=go up=rise=climbe.g: Love
